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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Selective two-step ionization of rubidium by laser radiation

Rafael V Ambartsumyan, A. M. Apatin, Vladilen S Letokhov, Alexander A. Makarov, Vyacheslav I. Mishin, A A Puretskiĭ, N. P. Furzikov

Published May 1, 1976• 2 citations
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The selectivity of three-step pulse photo-ionization of atoms versus the detuning delta of exciting radiation frequencies from intermediate resonance is investigated in powerful laser fields where the power broadening of the resonant transitions is at least of the order of isotope shifts. The Doppler broadening of the resonant transitions is taken into account and it is assumed that the sum frequency of both exciting laser radiations is tuned to the line centre of the two-photon transition of a selected isotope. It is shown that in this situation the photo-ionization selectivity increases so greatly with the absolute detuning mod delta mod that even in such strong fields the process of photo-ionization can be highly selective. The optimization of selective photo-ionization of atoms is discussed in connection with the decrease in the selective isotope yield with increase of the absolute detuning mod delta mod . Analytical consideration of selective three-step pulse photo-ionization in powerful laser fields, based on the density matrix formalism, is presented together with the results of numerical simulation of the 40 Ca- 48 Ca laser isotope separation process as an example.
The effective isotope-selective excitation and field ionization of the 16F5/2 thallium Rydberg states have been studied experimentally. The 16F5/2 states were excited by the two-step scheme 6P1/2→6D3/2→nF5/2 in a dense collimated atomic beam by means of monochromatic radiation from two frequency tunable lasers (λ1 = 276.9 nm, λ2 = 773–808 nm) with a mean power density of more than 1 W.The largest selectivity of excitation in this scheme takes place in the first step 6P1/2→6D3/2. The experiments showed that the main reason for the limiting selectivity excitation of the Rydberg states is the field broadening of the absorption resonances at the first and second steps of the excitation scheme. The excitation efficiency of this scheme is considerably governed by the parameters of the laser radiation at the second step and an electric field pulse.