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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Integrating superconducting circuits with phononic bandgap structures for quantum networking and memory

William Kindel, Charles Thomas Harris, Sueli Del Carmen Skinner Ramos, Sara DiGregorio, Michael Miller, J. Christopher Taylor, Lisa P. Hackett, Rupert Lewis, Matt Eichenfield

Published Mar 16, 2021• 0 citations
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I will present recent work at Caltech on the integration of optomechanical crystals for light and sound with electronic superconducting quantum circuits. Utilizing the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer platform, we have made key advances in the fabrication and integration of extremely low loss microwave phonon structures and low loss microwave superconducting resonators of high impedance. These technical advancements offer several intriguing opportunities for quantum information processing and networking with phonons, photons, and electrons in an integrated, wafer-scale platform. The focus of my talk will be on two examples of our efforts in this direction: (i) nonreciprocal photon transport and amplification arising from synthetic magnetic flux and reservoir engineering in an optomechanical crystal circuit, and (ii) waveguide-QED systems consisting of microwave-bandgap circuits with embedded transmon-like qubits.
For quantum computing to become fault tolerant, the underlying quantum bits must be effectively isolated from the noisy environment. It is well known that including an electromagnetic bandgap around the qubit operating frequency improves coherence for superconducting circuits. However, investigations of bandgaps to other environmental coupling mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a method to enhance the coherence of superconducting circuits by introducing a phononic bandgap around the device operating frequency. The phononic bandgaps block resonant decay of defect states within the gapped frequency range, removing the electromagnetic coupling to phonons at the gap frequencies. We construct a multiscale model that derives the decrease in the density of states due to the bandgap and the resulting increase in defect state T1 times. We demonstrate that emission rates from in-plane defect states can be suppressed by up to two orders of magnitude. We combine these simulations with theory for resonators operating in the continuous-wave regime and show that improvements in quality factors are expected by up to the enhancement in defect T1 times. Furthermore, we use full master equation simulation to demonstrate the suppression of qubit energy relaxation even when interacting with 200 defect states. We conclude with an exploration of device implementation including tradeoffs between fabrication complexity and qubit performance.
We introduce a hybrid tripartite quantum system for strong coupling between a semiconductor spin, a mechanical phonon, and a microwave excitation of a superconducting circuit. Consisting of a piezoelectric resonator with an integrated diamond strain concentrator, this system achieves microwave-acoustic and spin-acoustic coupling rates of approximately megahertz or greater, allowing simultaneous ultrahigh cooperativities (approximately 103{10}^{3}103 and approximately 102{10}^{2}102, respectively). From finite-element modeling and master-equation simulations, we estimate superconducting-circuit-to-spin quantum state transfer fidelities exceeding 0.95 on the basis of separately demonstrated device parameters. We anticipate that this device will enable hybrid quantum architectures that leverage the advantages of both superconducting circuits and solid-state spins for information processing, memory, and networking.