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High-Resolution Photoemission Studies of Correlations and Phase Transitions in One and Two Dimensional Systems

D. Malterre, Blaise Dardel, M. Grioni, P. Weibel, Yves Baer

Published Jan 1, 1993• 0 citations
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Spin and charge are two fundamental degrees of freedom in strongly correlated electron systems. In this thesis we study low-energy effective theory and phase transitions of spin and charge in a variety of strongly correlated systems. First, we study effective theory of magnetic phase transition in Sp(4) spin system and iron-based superconductors. Quantum phase transitions beyond Landau paradigm has been proposed in SU(2) spill model. We generalize this paradigm to Sp(4) model, which can be realized using spin-[special characters omitted] cold atoms on optical lattice. In iron-based superconductors, we study low-energy effective theory for magnetic and structural phase transitions, and present a global phase diagram of the two phase transitions. Second, we study spin and charge fluctuations on triangular lattice, and compare our results with experiments on organic Mott insulator κ-(ET) 2(CN)2. We show that the spin liquid state observed in experiments can be explained by Z2 spin liquid theory which contains spin-½ spinon and Z2 vison excitations. We also argue that near the Mott-insulator-to-metal transition there are fractionalized spinless charge excitations, which form exciton bound states near the transition. At last, we study spin and charge excitations in high-T c cuprates. We describe fluctuating two-dimensional metallic antiferromagnets by a gauge-theoretic description of an 'algebraic charge liquid' involving spinless fermions and a spin S = 1/2 complex scalar. We propose a phenomenological effective lattice Hamiltonian which describes the binding of these particles into gauge-neutral, electron-like excitations, and describe its implications for the electron spectral function across the entire Brillouin zone. We discuss connections of our results to photoemission experiments in the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors.

•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations
The motion of a single hole in a $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model for the two-dimensional spin-gap compound SrCu2(BO3)2{\mathrm{SrCu}}_{2}({\mathrm{BO}}_{3}{)}_{2}SrCu2​(BO3​)2​ is investigated. The undoped Heisenberg model for this system has an exact dimer eigenstate and shows a phase transition between a dimerized and a N\'eel phase at a certain ratio of the magnetic couplings. We calculate the photoemission spectrum in the disordered phase using a generalized spin-polaron picture. By varying the interdimer hopping parameters we find a crossover between a narrow quasiparticle band regime known from other strongly correlated systems and free-fermion behavior. The hole motion in the N\'eel-ordered phase is also briefly considered.
We analyze the spectral properties of a very general two-channel fermion-boson transport model in the insulating and metallic regimes and the signatures of the metal-insulator quantum phase transition in between. To this end we determine the single-particle spectral function related to angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, the momentum distribution function, the Drude weight, and the optical response by means of a dynamical (pseudosite) density-matrix renormalization group technique for the one-dimensional half-filled band case. We show how the interplay of correlations and fluctuations in the background medium controls the charge dynamics of the system, which is a fundamental problem in a great variety of advanced materials.
Spin and charge are two fundamental degrees of freedom in strongly correlated electron systems. In this thesis we study low-energy effective theory and phase transitions of spin and charge in a variety of strongly correlated systems. First, we study effective theory of magnetic phase transition in Sp(4) spin system and iron-based superconductors. Quantum phase transitions beyond Landau paradigm has been proposed in SU(2) spill model. We generalize this paradigm to Sp(4) model, which can be realized using spin-[special characters omitted] cold atoms on optical lattice. In iron-based superconductors, we study low-energy effective theory for magnetic and structural phase transitions, and present a global phase diagram of the two phase transitions. Second, we study spin and charge fluctuations on triangular lattice, and compare our results with experiments on organic Mott insulator κ-(ET) 2(CN)2. We show that the spin liquid state observed in experiments can be explained by Z2 spin liquid theory which contains spin-½ spinon and Z2 vison excitations. We also argue that near the Mott-insulator-to-metal transition there are fractionalized spinless charge excitations, which form exciton bound states near the transition. At last, we study spin and charge excitations in high-T c cuprates. We describe fluctuating two-dimensional metallic antiferromagnets by a gauge-theoretic description of an 'algebraic charge liquid' involving spinless fermions and a spin S = 1/2 complex scalar. We propose a phenomenological effective lattice Hamiltonian which describes the binding of these particles into gauge-neutral, electron-like excitations, and describe its implications for the electron spectral function across the entire Brillouin zone. We discuss connections of our results to photoemission experiments in the pseudogap regime of the cuprate superconductors.