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NTT technical review

Lossless Wavelength Conversion of Single Photons

Nobuyuki Matsuda

Published Jul 1, 2017• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrated a new scheme for wavelength conversion of a single-photon wave packet for use in quantum information communication technologies.The scheme enables us to deterministically change the color and shape of a single-photon wave packet in a lossless manner.The scheme is directly applicable to single photons traveling in an optical fiber network and will be a key technology in developing a photonic wavelength interface for quantum networking.

DOI
10.53829/ntr201707fa3

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We demonstrated a new scheme for wavelength conversion of a single-photon wave packet for use in quantum information communication technologies.The scheme enables us to deterministically change the color and shape of a single-photon wave packet in a lossless manner.The scheme is directly applicable to single photons traveling in an optical fiber network and will be a key technology in developing a photonic wavelength interface for quantum networking.
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Abstract Single photon sources are key components for quantum technologies such as quantum communication, computing and metrology. A key challenge towards the realization of global quantum networks are transmission losses in optical fibers. Therefore, single photon sources are required to emit at the low-loss telecom wavelength bands. However, an ideal telecom wavelength single photon source has yet to be discovered. Here, we review the recent progress in realizing such sources. We start with single photon emission based on atomic ensembles and spontaneous parametric down conversion, and then focus on solid-state emitters including semiconductor quantum dots, defects in silicon carbide and carbon nanotubes. In conclusion, some state-of-the-art applications are highlighted.
Light manipulation in waveguides has proven to be an important technology in the classical and quantum regimes. The frequency conversion in the quantum domain was proposed to change the photon's frequency distribution without affecting photons statistics [1] and is important for quantum networks, as well as creating superposition in frequency-encoded states [2]. Scalable quantum networks need noiseless conversion. A common approach for noiseless frequency conversion is electro-optical phase-shift-induced sideband creation. However, the magnitude of the frequency shift in this technology is rather restricted, limiting their processing bandwidth to sub-THz levels [2]. This necessitates a thorough design of the nonlinear interaction to utilize a deterministic approach to reshape single photons. Here, we demonstrate the use of Kerr-nonlinear refractive index fronts [3], [4] to optically manipulate the frequency of a single-photon wave packet.
We propose a dot-cavity-waveguide coupled system as a quantum interface for stationary spin qubits and flying photon qubits. The exact solution to the dynamics of the interface is given which allows the generation or reception of an arbitrarily designated wave-packet of a single photon. Such control can be used for realizing operations such as quantum state transfer, entanglement swapping or deterministic entanglement creation in a quantum network. The interface can also be used as a deterministic source and an efficient detector of a single photon wavepacket with an arbitrarily specified shape and average photon number.
Abstract On‐demand single‐photon sources emitting pure and indistinguishable photons at the telecommunication wavelength are critical assets toward the deployment of fiber‐based quantum networks. Indeed, single photons may serve as flying qubits, allowing communication of quantum information over long distances. Self‐assembled InAs quantum dots embedded in GaAs constitute an excellent nearly deterministic source of high‐quality single photons, but the vast majority of sources operate in the 900–950 nm wavelength range, precluding their adoption in a quantum network. A quantum frequency conversion scheme is presented here for converting single photons from quantum dots to the telecommunication C band, around 1550 nm, achieving 40.8% end‐to‐end efficiency, while maintaining both high purity and a high degree of indistinguishability during conversion with measured values of and , respectively.