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Laser Physics Letters

Steering-induced coherence in decoherence channels

Shao-Jie Xiong, Lu-Hong Zhang, Jin-Ming Liu, Zhe Sun

Published Apr 1, 2021• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We study steering-induced coherence (SIC) in local decoherence channels. Two types of channels are considered in this work, one is the amplitude damping channel under rotating-wave approximation (RWA) and the other the non-RWA channel. Unlike the amplitude damping channel, the system-environment interaction of the non-RWA channel is treated without RWA. We use the hierarchy equation method to calculate the dynamical evolution of SIC and B-side measurement-induced disturbance (MID). For the two channels, SIC decreases with time monotonically or oscillatingly due to the decoherence effect. Moreover, the different behavior of SIC between the two channels are also shown through the numerical results. SIC and MID obviously exhibit more oscillatory behavior in the non-RWA channel compared with the cases in the RWA channel. In some regions of system-environment coupling, the value of SIC (MID) in the non-RWA channel is larger than that in the RWA channel. However, in the strong non-Markovian regions, SIC (MID) drops to zero in the RWA channel, while it does not happen in the non-RWA channels. Additionally, we find that SIC can be generated from the states without entanglement.

DOI
10.1088/1612-202x/abf0ab

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Abstract We study steering-induced coherence (SIC) in local decoherence channels. Two types of channels are considered in this work, one is the amplitude damping channel under rotating-wave approximation (RWA) and the other the non-RWA channel. Unlike the amplitude damping channel, the system-environment interaction of the non-RWA channel is treated without RWA. We use the hierarchy equation method to calculate the dynamical evolution of SIC and B-side measurement-induced disturbance (MID). For the two channels, SIC decreases with time monotonically or oscillatingly due to the decoherence effect. Moreover, the different behavior of SIC between the two channels are also shown through the numerical results. SIC and MID obviously exhibit more oscillatory behavior in the non-RWA channel compared with the cases in the RWA channel. In some regions of system-environment coupling, the value of SIC (MID) in the non-RWA channel is larger than that in the RWA channel. However, in the strong non-Markovian regions, SIC (MID) drops to zero in the RWA channel, while it does not happen in the non-RWA channels. Additionally, we find that SIC can be generated from the states without entanglement.
In quantum open systems, non-Markovianity is an important phenomenon that allows a backflow of information from the environment to the system. In this work, we investigate the non-Markovianity problems in two different types of channels, where the system–environment interactions are treated with and without the rotating-wave approximation (RWA). We employ the quantum interferometric power (QIP) to quantify the non-Markovian dynamics, which is the minimal quantum Fisher information obtained by the local unitary evolution in a bipartite system. By the hierarchy equation method, we calculate the dynamical evolution of the QIP in the non-RWA case. The results show that the dynamical behavior under the non-RWA is significantly different from that under the RWA in both weak and strong coupling. Moreover, in the non-RWA case, we also find the nonmonotonic behavior of the non-Markovianity measure with the variation of coupling strength, which is caused by the competition between the rotating-wave terms and the counterrotating-wave terms. As a result, we highlight the importance of the counterrotating-wave terms for the influence of non-Markovianity.
We experimentally investigate the non-Markovianity problems in a quantum channel implemented by an all-optical setup. The quantum channel simulates the dynamics of a two-level (qubit) system surrounded by bosonic modes, with the system-environment interaction treated without applying the rotating-wave approximation (RWA). Therefore, it allows us to demonstrate the important role of counterrotating-wave terms in influencing the memory effects of the environment. The experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement and show quite different behaviors of the non-Markovianity measure between RWA and non-RWA channels. One can find the nonmonotonic dependence of the non-Markovianity measure on the coupling and detuning parameters in the non-RWA case, which is attributed to the competing mechanisms caused by the counterrotating-wave terms. We emphasize that the non-RWA channel provides a more clear description of the open-system dynamics and the counterrotating-wave terms are indispensable in the study of non-Markovianity.
We experimentally simulate a quantum channel in a linear optical setup, which is modeled by a two-level system (i.e., qubit) interacting with a bosonic bath. Unlike the traditional works, we treat the system–bath interaction without applying the Born approximation, the Markov approximation, or the rotating-wave approximation (RWA). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experimental simulation of a quantum channel without any of the approximations mentioned above by using linear optical devices. This non-RWA channel provides a more accurate picture of the quantum open-system dynamics. It not only reveals the effect of the counterrotating terms but also enables us to consider arbitrarily strong coupling regimes. With the proposed channel, we further experimentally investigate the dynamics of the quantum temporal steering (TS), i.e., a temporal analog of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering. The experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement and show that the counterrotating terms significantly influence the TS dynamics. The TS in non-RWA and RWA channels presents different dynamics. However, we emphasize that the results without RWA are closer to realistic situations and thus more reliable. Due to the close relationship between TS and the security of the quantum cryptographic protocols, our findings are expected to have useful applications in secure quantum communications. This work also inspires future interest in studying other quantum coherence properties in the non-RWA channels.
Multipartite quantum steering, a unique resource for asymmetric quantum network information tasks, is very fragile to the inevitable decoherence, which makes it useless for practical purposes. It is thus of importance to understand how it decays in the presence of noise channels. We study the dynamic behaviors of genuine tripartite steering, reduced bipartite steering, and collective steering of a generalized three-qubit W state when only one qubit interacts independently with the amplitude damping channel (ADC), phase damping channel (PDC) or depolarizing channel (DC). Our results provide the region of decoherence strength and state parameters that each type of steering can survive. The results show that these steering correlations decay the slowest in PDC and some non-maximally entangled states more robust than the maximally entangled ones. Unlike entanglement and Bell nonlocality, the thresholds of decoherence strength that reduced bipartite steering and collective steering can survive depend on the steering direction. In addition, we find that not only one party can be steered by a group system, but also two parties can be steered by a single system. There is a trade-off between the monogamy relation involving one steered party and two steered parties. Our work provides comprehensive information about the effect of decoherence on multipartite quantum steering, which will help to realize quantum information processing tasks in the presence of noise environments.
Abstract Quantum objects are susceptible to noise from their surrounding environments, interaction with which inevitably gives rise to quantum decoherence or dissipation effects. In this work, we examine how different types of local noise under an open system affect entropic uncertainty relations for two incompatible measurements. Explicitly, we observe the dynamics of the entropic uncertainty in the presence of quantum memory under two canonical categories of noisy environments: unital (phase flip) and nonunital (amplitude damping). Our study shows that the measurement uncertainty exhibits a non-monotonic dynamical behavior—that is, the amount of the uncertainty will first inflate, and subsequently decrease, with the growth of decoherence strengths in the two channels. In contrast, the uncertainty decreases monotonically with the growth of the purity of the initial state shared in prior. In order to reduce the measurement uncertainty in noisy environments, we put forward a remarkably effective strategy to steer the magnitude of uncertainty by means of a local non-unitary operation (i.e. weak measurement) on the qubit of interest. It turns out that this non-unitary operation can greatly reduce the entropic uncertainty, upon tuning the operation strength. Our investigations might thereby offer an insight into the dynamics and steering of entropic uncertainty in open systems.
The decoherence of two initially entangled qubits in non-Markovian reservoirs has been investigated exactly without Born-Markovian approximation or rotating-wave approximation (RWA). The nonperturbative quantum master equation is derived and its exact solution is obtained. The decoherence behavior of two qubits, initially entangled in Bell states, has been investigated in the weak coupling regime and strong coupling regime. The results show that the counter-rotating wave terms have obvious influence on the decoherence behavior in the non-Markovian regime.