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理论物理通讯:英文版

Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Separability for Multipartite Pure States

Li, Da-Fa, Xiang-rong, 。 Huang, Hong-tao, Xinxin

Published Jan 1, 2008• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

在这篇论文我们在场为它的多国参加的纯状态和变体的可分性的一个必要、足够的条件。这些条件很简单、可靠,并且他们不要求 Schmidt 分解(为二个分系统) 或外面跟踪操作。我们也以振幅的矩阵的决定因素为一个由两部组成的系统为一个本地单一的等价类给一个必要条件。

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Multipartite quantum states that cannot be uniquely determined by their reduced states of all proper subsets of the parties exhibit some inherit `high-order' correlation. This paper elaborates this issue by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for a pure multipartite state to be locally undetermined, and moreover, characterizing precisely all the pure states sharing the same set of reduced states with it. Interestingly, local determinability of pure states is closely related to a generalized notion of Schmidt decomposition. Furthermore, we find that locally undetermined states have some applications to the well-known consensus problem in distributed computing. To be specific, given some physically separated agents, when communication between them, either classical or quantum, is unreliable, then there exists a totally correct and completely fault-tolerant protocol for them to reach a consensus if and only if they share a priori a locally undetermined quantum state.

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在这篇论文我们在场为它的多国参加的纯状态和变体的可分性的一个必要、足够的条件。这些条件很简单、可靠,并且他们不要求 Schmidt 分解(为二个分系统) 或外面跟踪操作。我们也以振幅的矩阵的决定因素为一个由两部组成的系统为一个本地单一的等价类给一个必要条件。
In this report, we discuss a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of Schmidt decomposition of a pure state in a multipartite Hilbert space. Schmidt decomposition exists for any pure state in a bipartite Hilbert space. It is extremely useful since it reduces the number of terms needed to represent a pure state using orthonormal bases of the respective parts. However, for 3 or more partite Hilbert spaces, Schmidt decomposition does not exist in general for an arbitrary pure state. In this thesis, we derive a condition that states whether a state in an n-partite Hilbert space is Schmidt-decomposable or not, i.e., whether we can represent it through the orthonormal bases of the respective parts using less number of terms that is required in general.
Multipartite quantum states that cannot be uniquely determined by their reduced states of all proper subsets of the parties exhibit some inherit `high-order' correlation. This paper elaborates this issue by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for a pure multipartite state to be locally undetermined, and moreover, characterizing precisely all the pure states sharing the same set of reduced states with it. Interestingly, local determinability of pure states is closely related to a generalized notion of Schmidt decomposition. Furthermore, we find that locally undetermined states have some applications to the well-known consensus problem in distributed computing. To be specific, given some physically separated agents, when communication between them, either classical or quantum, is unreliable, then there exists a totally correct and completely fault-tolerant protocol for them to reach a consensus if and only if they share a priori a locally undetermined quantum state.