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理论物理通讯:英文版

Quantum Generalized Measurement and Deterministic Generation of Maximum Entangled Pure State

Zhang, Ming Ming, Dai, Hong-Yi, H. Hu, De-Wen, Xie Xie, Hongwei

Published Jan 1, 2006• 2 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

我们建议量的概念概括了投影机测量(QGPM ) 因为由学习量的有限维的量系统概括了测量。Thisresearch 表明这量的一个著名性质概括了测量:不管系统状态在测量以前是什么并且测量的结果什么发生,在测量以后的系统的状态能被折叠进任何指定纯状态,即,量系统的状态能是就作为壁炉 QGPM 归结为任何指定纯状态的确定的联盟者。随后, QGPM 能习惯于确定的联盟者为量系统产生最大的纠缠的咕噜咕噜叫房地产。我们分别地为二个 2 水平粒子,三个 2 水平粒子和二 3-levelparticles 给产生最大的量的三个具体理论上的计划纠缠的纯状态。

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我们建议量的概念概括了投影机测量(QGPM ) 因为由学习量的有限维的量系统概括了测量。Thisresearch 表明这量的一个著名性质概括了测量:不管系统状态在测量以前是什么并且测量的结果什么发生,在测量以后的系统的状态能被折叠进任何指定纯状态,即,量系统的状态能是就作为壁炉 QGPM 归结为任何指定纯状态的确定的联盟者。随后, QGPM 能习惯于确定的联盟者为量系统产生最大的纠缠的咕噜咕噜叫房地产。我们分别地为二个 2 水平粒子,三个 2 水平粒子和二 3-levelparticles 给产生最大的量的三个具体理论上的计划纠缠的纯状态。
这份报纸探索由联系量与 decoherence 作斗争的潜力有 decoherence 免费的 subspaces (DFS ) 的概括测量。联系量概括了 subspace 投影机测量(QGSPM ) ,量与操作员条件概括了盒子投影机测量(QGCPM ) 因为 DFS 将提高压制 decoherence 的能力因为 Markovian 和 non-Markovian 打开量系统,这被表明。量测量能被认为是一个工具操作量状态,这被强调。因为协调控制哈密尔顿能积极地被设计,这个方法是有益的。
We propose the concept of the quantum generalized projector measurement (QGPM) for finite-dimensional quantum systems by studying the quantum generalized measurement. This research reveals a distinguished property of this quantum generalized measurement: no matter what the system state is prior to the measurement and what the result of the measurement occurs, the state of the system after the measurement can be collapsed into any specified pure state, i.e., the state of quantum system can be deterministically reduced to any specified pure state just by a single QGPM. Subsequently, QGPM can be used to deterministically generate the maximum entangled pure state for quantum systems. We give three concrete theoretic schemes of generating the maximum quantum entangled pure states for two 2-level particles, three 2-level particles and two 3-level particles, respectively.
We analyze entanglement swapping (ES) of partially entangled pure states with arbitrary Schmidt rank from the perspective of quantum state discrimination. It is shown that the standard deterministic ES protocol is related with an optimal minimum-error strategy. In this case the amount of entanglement of the states resulting from swapping is, in general, lower than the maximum achievable for the quantum channels involved. In this regard, we show that the ES protocol can be probabilistically improved resorting to optimal maximum-confidence (MC) discrimination strategy. Additionally, we show that the success probability of achieving entanglement above a prescribed value from standard deterministic ES can be increased by applying sequential MC measurements.
Quantum mechanics forbids deterministic discrimination among nonorthogonal states. Nonetheless, the capability to distinguish nonorthogonal states unambiguously is an important primitive in quantum information processing. In this work, we experimentally implement generalized measurements in an optical system and demonstrate the first optimal unambiguous discrimination between three nonorthogonal states, with a success rate of 55%, to be compared with the 25% maximum achievable using projective measurements. Furthermore, we present the first realization of unambiguous discrimination between a pure state and a nonorthogonal mixed state.
量测量问题存在许多年并且启发一在物理和哲学的文学大,但是仍然在它上没有结论和一致。我们证明如果我们由考虑 Feynman 路径的相对论的效果扩大 Feynman 路径积分,它能被包含进量子论。根据这个扩大理论,我们推出不仅 Klein-Gordon 方程,而且 wave-function-collapse 方程。量测量的随机、即时的倒塌由于“仪器的潜在的噪音”或环境和“波浪的内部关联”分别地工作,这被显示出。因此,宏观的事明确地位由于自己,这不违背量力学。这个工作将为测量问题给新识别。