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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Velocity-Selective Two-Photon Resonances with Blue and Red Detunings in a Cold Atomic Sample

Matthew L. Terraciano, Spencer E. Olson, Mark Bashkansky, Zachary Dutton, Fredrik K. Fatemi

Published May 1, 2007• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We explore a cooling mechanism that results from a two-photon Raman process resonant with a particular velocity class of atoms. We have seen evidence for cooling with both red and blue detuned light.
DOI
10.1109/cleo.2007.4453471

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We have observed a new type of sub-Doppler laser cooling with neither polarization gradients nor magnetic fields. All known sub-Doppler laser cooling methods require one of these two to resdistribute the atomic population among the energy levels. This allows the irreversible processes of optical pumping vels. This allows the irreversible processes of optical pumping (OP) to manipulate the conservative force of light shifts (e.g. resonant exchange between the two beams comprising a standing wave) into a damping force. Our scheme employs stimulated Raman transitions between ground state hyperfine levels of Rb with a bichromatic standing wave, accompanied by a momentum change of {Delta}p = 2{h_bar}k. OP, with {Delta}p = 1{h_bar}k, creates a population imbalance allowing repetition of the Raman process. When the detuning of the light from Raman resonance {delta} is properly chosen, the net momentum exchange damps the atomic motion. Changing {delta} by only {gamma}/6(1 MHz) replaces cooling by heating. This process separates the velocity selective Raman resonance and OP processes differently from others, and helps clarify the role of these different mechanisms.
Absorption spectra of cold cesium atoms confined in a magneto-optical trap are observed around the D2 transition line (6S(1/2), F=4-->6P(3/2), F'=5) with the probe laser frequency detuned near the trapping laser frequency. We observe the dispersion-like profile resulted from the stimulated Raman processes with the sub-natural linewidth, and study the behavior of the group velocity of light in trapped cold atoms. By only changing the blue and red detuning of the probe frequency from the trapping laser frequency, we are able to arbitrarily control the speed of a light pulse from subluminal to superluminal velocity.