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IEEE Communications Letters

Secure Transmission for NOMA-Based Cognitive Radio Networks With Imperfect CSI

Zhihui Shang, Tao Zhang, Guojie Hu, Yueming Cai, Weiwei Yang

Published Mar 30, 2021• 22 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This letter studies the secure transmission issue of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based cognitive radio networks (CRNs) with imperfect channel state information (CSI), where the secondary user (SU) transmitter aims to transmit the normalized messages to two receivers${U_{a}}$and${U_{b}}$, and concurrently${U_{b}}$with full-duplex (FD) ability implements jamming to confuse the eavesdropping of the illegal user while causing zero interference to the primary user and${U_{a}}$. Under this setup, the novel exact closed-form expressions of connection outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP) and effective secrecy throughput (EST) for each SU receiver under Rayleigh fading channels are derived. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that: 1) the proposed scheme can achieve pretty good security and reliability performance, but there exist trade-off between such two indicators; 2) the FD-NOMA operation performs better than the half-duplex (HD) NOMA and HD orthogonal multiple access (OMA) in term of EST.

DOI
10.1109/lcomm.2021.3069854

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This letter studies the secure transmission issue of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based cognitive radio networks (CRNs) with imperfect channel state information (CSI), where the secondary user (SU) transmitter aims to transmit the normalized messages to two receiversUa{U_{a}}Ua​andUb{U_{b}}Ub​, and concurrentlyUb{U_{b}}Ub​with full-duplex (FD) ability implements jamming to confuse the eavesdropping of the illegal user while causing zero interference to the primary user andUa{U_{a}}Ua​. Under this setup, the novel exact closed-form expressions of connection outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP) and effective secrecy throughput (EST) for each SU receiver under Rayleigh fading channels are derived. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate that: 1) the proposed scheme can achieve pretty good security and reliability performance, but there exist trade-off between such two indicators; 2) the FD-NOMA operation performs better than the half-duplex (HD) NOMA and HD orthogonal multiple access (OMA) in term of EST.
This paper investigates secure transmission for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) systems where the imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) is considered at both legitimate users and eavesdropper (Eve). A power allocation scheme is designed for the legitimate users to mitigate the effect of the SIC error caused by imperfect SIC. For characterizing the secrecy performance of the NOMA system, the closed-form expressions for connection outage probability (COP), secrecy outage probability (SOP), and effective secrecy throughput (EST) are derived over Nakagami-m fading channels in both NOMA and benchmark orthogonal multiple access (OMA) systems. We also provide security and reliability trade-off results (SRT) for the users in the NOMA and OMA systems. Simulation results verify our analysis and show that the strong users achieve better secrecy performance but worse reliability performance and NOMA outperforms OMA in terms of SRT.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is an important technology for the forthcoming 5G and beyond. However, its privacy often suffers from adversarial eavesdropping, especially for the users with higher transmit power. In this paper, we propose a jamming-aided secure transmission scheme for cooperative NOMA networks with a full-duplex (FD) relay. In this scheme, two pairs of users perform secure transmission with the help of a decode-forward (DF) relay, which forwards information and generates artificial jamming to counteract eavesdropping. The precoding vectors are designed to zero-force the artificial jamming at legal receivers. Then, the channel statistics are calculated, based on which the expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived. Simulation results show the accuracy of our analysis, and demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the SOP and improve the effective secrecy throughput via artificial jamming and FD relaying.
In order to resolve the security issues in 5G and future wireless networks, physical layer security (PLS) and cognitive radio (CR) technologies can be used with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to greatly improve spectrum efficiency (SE). However, privacy of information is a risk due to resource sharing in CR or NOMA. Protecting sensitive information in CR-inspired NOMA (CR-NOMA) transmissions is possible by utilizing PLS features, whilst NOMA makes use of channel property differences for bandwidth effectiveness. The objective of this work is to examine the level of secrecy achieved in a 5G overlay downlink CR-NOMA network when untrusted users encounter a Rayleigh fading channel. The analysis takes place in both imperfect and perfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) configurations. Additionally, we derive mathematical expressions for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and, more significantly, the effective secrecy throughput (EST) of the proposed system in order to further improve the performance of users in both fading and non-fading scenarios. In addition, this work offers an optimal power allocation (PA) scheme that primarily considers the specific quality of service (QoS) requirements of two users. Subsequently, it determines the most favorable values for the PA factors in an effort to further improve the performance of secrecy. Furthermore, under perfect/imperfect SIC modes, this work presents the performance comparison between two untrusted users and the derived analytical closed-form expressions were verified via Monte Carlo models employing various channel characteristics.
This paper investigates the physical layer security (PLS) of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-enabled overlay cognitive radio networks (NOMA-OCRNs), considering multiple non-colluding eavesdroppers. Here PLS is evaluated in terms of: (i) secrecy outage probability (SOP) of primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU) and (ii) system SOP (SSOP), system secrecy throughput (SST) and secrecy energy efficiency (SEE) of the network. Residual hardware impairments arising from non-ideal hardware and imperfect successive interference cancellation conditions are considered. Firstly, we derive new analytical expressions for the SOPs of PU and SU. Numerical evaluation results show that both PU as well as SU suffer very high SOPs that tend to unity in the high transmit power region. Further, RHI and i-SIC have a significant impact on the secrecy performance. To improve the PLS performance, we propose a jamming-assisted framework and develop novel analytical models for determining the SOPs of PU and SU. We derive the asymptotic SOP expressions as well. Detailed analytical and simulation results are presented to demonstrate that the proposed jamming-assisted framework leads to a significant reduction of the SOPs of both PU and SU while exhibiting considerable enhancement of SST and SEE of the network compared to the no-jammer scenario. In the final part of this paper, we utilize a deep learning framework for the precise and fast prediction of the SOPs of PU and SU, that can replace complex mathematical modeling.
Abstract In this paper, we analyze the physical layer security (PLS) performance of nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)‐enabled overlay cognitive radio networks (NOMA‐OCRNs) in the presence of an external passive eavesdropper. Here PLS is expressed in terms of the secrecy outage probabilities (SOPs) experienced by the primary user (PU) and secondary user (SU). We obtain approximate expressions for the SOPs of both PU as well as SU assuming a jamming‐free environment, where both primary and secondary destination nodes are half‐duplex devices. To improve the SOP performance, we propose a jamming‐assisted framework, where full‐duplex destination nodes are employed, which are capable of transmitting jamming signals to confound the eavesdropper. Approximate expressions for the SOPs of PU and SU are derived for the jamming‐assisted framework as well. It is demonstrated that the proposed jamming‐assisted framework significantly reduces the SOPs compared to the jamming‐free scenario. We also determine optimal power allocation coefficients (OPACs) for PU and SU at the secondary transmitter that maximizes the total secrecy throughput of the jamming‐assisted NOMA‐OCRN with FD destinations. It is shown that the suggested OPAC significantly enhances the total secrecy throughput, compared to the default selection of the PAC.
This paper studies the secure transmission in cognitive wiretap relaying networks with full-duplex technique over Rayleigh channels, where a secondary user (SU) transmitter (Alice) aims to transmit confidential information to a multi-antenna legitimate SU receiver (Bob) in the presence of a multi-antenna relay (Relay), a primary user (PU) and a passive eavesdropper (Eve). For secrecy performance enhancement, we propose maximal-ratio combining-zero forcing beamforming/maximal-ratio transmission-selection combining-zero forcing beamforming (MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB) scheme. The closed-form expression for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of the CRNs with MRC-ZFB/MRT-SC-ZFB scheme is derived. From the analysis, we look into the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, and present simple secrecy outage approximation for the proposed scheme, which reveals that the secrecy diversity order is min (NR, NRNB), where NRand NBare the number of antennas at Relay and Bob, respectively.