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Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference

Biexclton dephaslng In a semiconductor microcavity

Paola Borri, W. Langbein, U. Woggon, Jacob R. Jensen, J. M. Hvam

Published May 6, 2001• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The experimental observation of biexcitons in microcavities has been addressed recently.1,2 A well-resolved polariton-biexciton transition was observed in a high-quality GaAs single quantum well (QW) λ-microcavity of 25 nm well width using a pump-probe experiment.2 In this microcavity the heavy-hole (HH) vacuum Rabi splitting is 3.6 meV, more than three times larger than the biexciton binding energy in the bare QW (1.1 meV). Due to the narrow linewidth of the polari- ton resonances, a well-resolved pump-induced optical absorption associated with biexcitons was observed.2 In this work we investigate the coherent properties of the biexciton in the same structure using a two-beam four-wave mixing (FWM) experiment at 10 K.

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physica status solidi (b)•Mar 1, 1998•2 citations
The experimental observation of biexcitons in microcavities has been addressed recently.1,2 A well-resolved polariton-biexciton transition was observed in a high-quality GaAs single quantum well (QW) λ-microcavity of 25 nm well width using a pump-probe experiment.2 In this microcavity the heavy-hole (HH) vacuum Rabi splitting is 3.6 meV, more than three times larger than the biexciton binding energy in the bare QW (1.1 meV). Due to the narrow linewidth of the polari- ton resonances, a well-resolved pump-induced optical absorption associated with biexcitons was observed.2 In this work we investigate the coherent properties of the biexciton in the same structure using a two-beam four-wave mixing (FWM) experiment at 10 K.
Summary form only given. The experimental observation of biexcitons in microcavities has been addressed recently. A well-resolved polariton-biexciton transition was observed in a high-quality GaAs single quantum well (QW) /spl lambda/-microcavity of 25 nm well width using a pump-probe experiment (Borri et al, Phys. Rev. B vol. 62, p. R7765, 2000). In this microcavity, the heavy-hole (HH) vacuum Rabi splitting is 3.6 meV, more than three times larger than the biexciton binding energy in the bare QW (1.1 meV). Due to the narrow linewidth of the polariton resonances, a well-resolved pump-induced optical absorption associated with biexcitons was observed. In this work, we investigate the coherent properties of the biexciton in the same structure using a two-beam four-wave mixing (FWM) experiment at 10 K.
Semiconductor quantum microcavities are interesting physical systems in which fundamental interactions between light and excitons can be explored. For example, in the weak - coupling limit, modified excitonic spontaneous emission can be observed. In the strong-coupling limit, the cavity field modes and the quantum well exciton modes become coupled; the normal modes of the system are "cavity-polaritons" [1,2]. For in-plane wavevectors k// near zero, the normal modes are split by the dipole coupling between the excitons and the cavity vacuum field. This splitting is often referred to as a vacuum-Rabi splitting (VRS), as it has the same physical origin as the VRS observed in the interactions of atoms with single-mode cavities. The physical system in this work consists of a λ planar microcavity formed by two distributed-Bragg reflectors, with five GaAs quantum wells situated in the center of the cavity. In all the experiments described here, the exciton and cavity modes are on resonance (the low-field VRS is 6 meV for this sample).
Biexcitonic complexes in a ZnSe single quantum well are investigated by spectrally resolved four-wave mixing (FWM). The formation of heavy-heavy-hole XXh{\mathrm{XX}}_{h}XXh​ and of mixed heavy-light-hole XXm{\mathrm{XX}}_{m}XXm​ biexcitons showing binding energies of ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{h}=4.8\mathrm{meV}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{m}=2.8\mathrm{meV}$ is identified by polarization selection rules. The coherent dynamics of the FWM response and the observed FWM intensity ratio between the XXh{\mathrm{XX}}_{h}XXh​ and XXm{\mathrm{XX}}_{m}XXm​ biexciton-induced nonlinear signals are in agreement with the solution of an extended optical Bloch equation.
A theory of degenerate four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical cavity with quantum wells is constructed. The nonlinear response of a microcavity can be four to five orders of magnitude stronger than that of an isolated quantum well. For P 2 E -and P 3 -type nonlinearities the damped diffracted signal oscillates with a period determined by the Rabi splitting. For a biexcitonic mechanism of nonlinearity, the signal contains damped overtones of the Rabi splitting and the biexciton binding energy.
We investigate a GaAs/(Ga,Al)As Fabry-P\'erot microcavity, into which (In,Ga)As quantum wells have been inserted. The cavity is wedge shaped, i.e., the detuning between the bare-exciton resonance and the bare optical cavity mode depends on the spatial position on the sample. Linear transmission spectra reveal a well-resolved Rabi splitting of 8 meV at resonance, an inhomogeneously broadened exciton transition of 4--5-meV width, and an 0.7-meV-wide Fabry-P\'erot mode. The time-resolved transmission exhibits deep beatings and a subpicosecond exponential decay: a behavior similar to that foreseen in the strong-coupling regime and in the absence of electronic disorder. Conversely, the four-wave mixing response appears weakly influenced by the cavity and not much different from what is expected for bare excitons. A photon echo, dephasing times as long as 50 ps, and only weak Rabi oscillations are observed. The experimentally observed features can be explained by a model based on the numerical solutions of the Maxwell-Bloch equations. This model confirms the dramatic influence structural disorder in the quantum wells has on the coherent nonlinear exciton-photon dynamics.
We report on the optical response of a semiconductor microcavity featuring a strong exciton–photon coupling. The weak excitation regime is investigated experimentally by means of time-resolved transmission and four-wave mixing experiments. The influence of electronic disorder on the coherent exciton–photon dynamics is discussed in terms of the solutions of the Maxwell-Bloch equations. The high excitation regime is investigated by using transient sub-picosecond pump–probe experiments. Optical amplification of the probe beam (up to a factor of five), as well as a fundamental change of the optical spectra, have been found close to and above the exciton saturation density. The observed oscillations are corresponding to the Rabi frequency of the excitons in the pump field.