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理论物理通讯：英文版

Quantum Statistical Behaviors of Interaction of an Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensate with Laser

Yu Yu, Zhao-Xian, Jiao, Zhiyong

Published Jan 1, 2001• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We have investigated quantum statistical behaviors of photons and atoms in interaction of an atomic Bose Einstein condensate with quantized laser field. When the quantized laser field is initially prepared in a superposition state which exhibits holes in its photon-number distribution, while the atomic field is initially in a Fock state, it is found that there is energy exchange between photons and atoms. For the input and output states, the photons and atoms may exhibit the sub-Poissonian distribution. The input and output laser fields may exhibit quadrature squeezing, but for the atomic field, only the output state exhibits quadrature squeezing. It is shown that there exists the violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, which means that the correlation between photons and atoms is nonclassical.``

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We have investigated quantum statistical behaviors of photons and atoms in interaction of an atomic Bose–Einstein condensate with quantized laser field. When the quantized laser field is initially prepared in a superposition state which exhibits holes in its photon-number distribution, while the atomic field is initially in a Fock state, it is found that there is energy exchange between photons and atoms. For the input and output states, the photons and atoms may exhibit the sub-Poissonian distribution. The input and output laser fields may exhibit quadrature squeezing, but for the atomic field, only the output state exhibits quadrature squeezing. It is shown that there exists the violation of the Cauchy–Schwartz inequality, which means that the correlation between photons and atoms is nonclassical.
We have studied quantum statistical properties in a zero-temperature two-species Bose–Einstein condensate system in the presence of the nonlinear self-interaction of each species, the interspecies nonlinear interaction, and the Josephson-like tunneling interaction. It is found that the two condensates may periodically exhibit sub-Poissonian distribution. It is revealed that the correlation between the two condensates can be nonclassical, which means that there exists a violation of Cauchy–Schwartz inequality. The nonclassical effect about the correlation between the two condensates can be realized experimentally by properly preparing the total number of atoms in the two condensates.
In this paper, we study quantum statistical properties of atoms and photons in interaction of -atomic Bose–Einstein condensate in the ground-state hyperfine sublevels with laser fields. We investigate not only quantum conversions between atoms in the condensate and photons in the quantized laser field, but also transfer of nonclassical characteristics of atoms and photons between input states and output states when the atom field is initially in a number state and the quantized laser field is in the even coherent state and the odd coherent state, respectively. We find various conditions to realize these quantum conversions. We also study atom-photon quantum correlations and their input-output conversions. It is indicated that there are atom-field nonclassical correlations.
In this paper, we study quadrature squeezings of two Bose–Einstein condensates with collision and nonclassical properties of pair entanglement in four wave mixing in Bose–Einstein condensates. With the aid of a numerical method, we find that the two modes (pair entanglement modes) a1 and a2 may exhibit quadrature squeezing, in which they are affected by the initial phase. It is shown that the two pump modes exhibit the same super-Poissonian distribution. The analysis for the mode-mode correlation shows that there always exists a violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, which means that correlation between the two pump modes is nonclassical.
A linear quantum dynamical theory for squeezing the output of the trapped Bose-Einstein condensate is presented with the Bogoliubov approximation. We observe that the nonclassical properties, such as sub-Poisson distribution and quadrature squeezing effect, mutually oscillate between the quantum states of the applied optical field and the resulting atom laser beam with time. In particular, it is shown that an initially squeezed optical field will lead to squeezing in the outcoupled atomic beam at later times.
A scheme is proposed to manipulate the quantum-statistical properties of a neutral atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in an ultracold alkali-atom-trap system with atoms in the ground hyperfine F=1, MF{\mathit{M}}_{\mathit{F}}MF​=\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1,0 states (labeled respectively as \ensuremath{\Vert}${\mathit{g}}_{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{},0}$〉). Initially, the atomic condensate is assumed to be prepared in a hyperfine sublevel \ensuremath{\Vert}${\mathit{g}}_{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$〉. By effective two-photon excitations with two classical (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$) and quantum (${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\sigma}}}^{+}$) nonresonant copropagating traveling-wave light fields, we show that the atomic system can be settled into a coherent superposition of two atomic Bose-Einstein condensates corresponding to different ground hyperfine sublevels and different quantum statistics. Furthermore, with an appropriate choice of interaction time, atom-field coupling strengths, and quantum features of the quantized laser field, a nonclassical condensate can be prepared in the hyperfine sublevel \ensuremath{\Vert}g+{\mathit{g}}_{+}g+​〉.