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物理学前沿：英文版

Nonlinear quantum interferometry with Bose condensed atoms

Chaohong, Lee, Jiahao, Huang, Haiming, Deng, Hui Hui, Dai Dai, Jun, Xu

Published Jan 1, 2012• 0 citations

Abstract

在量 interferometry，为高精确的大小的成就控制并且利用非线性的相互作用是重要的。由于他们的长连贯时间和高可控制性，包括 Bose 的 ultracold 原子压缩了原子广泛地为量 interferometry 被使用了。这里，我们与 Bose 在量 interferometry 的理论研究考察最近的进步压缩原子。特别地，我们集中于原子原子相互作用导致的非线性的现象，并且怎么控制并且利用这些非线性的现象。与吝啬地的描述，由于原子原子相互作用，事波浪 solitons 出现在干扰模式，和宏观的量自我套住在 Bose-Josephson 连接存在。与许多身体描述，原子原子相互作用能产生非古典的纠纷，它能被利用在标准量限制以外完成高精确的大小。

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我们与非线性的量光学建议量计算的一个计划。光子的极化状态被用于 qubits。有不同频率的光子代表不同 qubits。单个 qubit 旋转操作通过象法拉第极化转子一样的光元素被实现。光子被分开成不同光路径，或用二色的镜子合并了进一条单个光路径。控制 -- 不，在二 qubits 之间的门被合适的联合实现沿着变换参量。这个计划有下列特征：(1 ) 没有辅助 qubits 被要求在控制 -- 不门操作；(2 ) 没有测量在计算期间被要求；(3 ) 它是有效、概念上简单的资源。

In quantum interferometry, it is vital to control and utilize nonlinear interactions for the achievement of high-precision measurements. Due to their long coherence time and high controllability, ultracold atoms including Bose condensed atoms have been widely used for quantum interferometry. Here, we review recent progress in theoretical studies of quantum interferometry with Bose condensed atoms. In particular, we focus on nonlinear phenomena induced by atom-atom interactions, and how to control and utilize these nonlinear phenomena. With a mean-field description, due to atom-atom interactions, matter-wave solitons appear in the interference patterns, and macroscopic quantum self-trapping exists in Bose-Josephson junctions. With a many-body description, atom-atom interactions can generate non-classical entanglement, which can be utilized to achieve high-precision measurements beyond the standard quantum limit.

We report the production of matter-wave solitons in an ultracold lithium-7 gas. The effective interaction between atoms in a Bose-Einstein condensate is tuned with a Feshbach resonance from repulsive to attractive before release in a one-dimensional optical waveguide. Propagation of the soliton without dispersion over a macroscopic distance of 1.1 millimeter is observed. A simple theoretical model explains the stability region of the soliton. These matter-wave solitons open possibilities for future applications in coherent atom optics, atom interferometry, and atom transport.