Development of Quantum Applications

Kasturi Lal Chopra, Inderjeet Kaur

Jake Zappin, Trevor Stalnaker, Oscar Chaparro +1 more

Recent advances in quantum computing have sparked excitement that this new computing paradigm could solve previously intractable problems. However, due to the faulty nature of current quantum hardware and quantum-intrinsic noise, the full potential of quantum computing is still years away. Hybrid quantum-classical computing has emerged as a possible compromise that achieves the best of both worlds. In this paper, we look at hybrid quantum-classical computing from a software engineering perspective and present the first empirical study focused on characterizing and evaluating recurrent issues faced by developers of hybrid quantum-classical applications. The study comprised a thorough analysis of 531 real-world issues faced by developers - including software faults, hardware failures, quantum library errors, and developer mistakes - documented in discussion threads from forums dedicated to quantum computing. By qualitatively analyzing such forum threads, we derive a comprehensive taxonomy of recurring issues in hybrid quantum-classical applications that can be used by both application and platform developers to improve the reliability of hybrid applications. The study considered how these recurring issues manifest and their causes, determining that hybrid applications are crash-dominant (74% of studied issues) and that errors were predominantly introduced by application developers (70% of issues). We conclude by identifying recurring obstacles for developers of hybrid applications and actionable recommendations to overcome them.

Rundian Zhang

From the earliest research and study of quantum communication to application and achievement.In recent years, with the continuous development of quantum communication, quantum secure direct communication became an important branch of quantum communication.Quantum secure direct communication uses distinct quantum states of photons as the information carrier in the transmission process to assure the safe and correct direct transmission of sensitive information between communication participants.This paper would introduce the application and development of quantum communication technology.It includes the theory and different protocol of quantum communication.From the earliest research and study of quantum communication to application and achievement.The paper discussed a QKD service interface between the QKD protocol and the security applications.This interface provides a set of common QKD services needed by existing security protocols.The application of quantum communication technology develops the economy to some extent as well.Therefore, governments of all countries will pay more attention to the development of quantum technology and invest more money and manpower costs.

Govind Prasad Agrawal

Wolfgang P. Schleich, Kedar S. Ranade, Christian Anton +34 more

Viktor Potapov, S.M. Gushansky

This paper describes the basics of developing quantum algorithms and modeling entangled quantum computations applicable in quantum algorithms. Quantum algorithms involve the use of vector and matrix algebra. The basic tasks of the simulation proposed in the work are determined within the framework of the algorithm for executing quantum algorithms, taking into account entanglement. A technique has been developed for modeling entangled quantum calculations applicable in the Simon quantum algorithm, which helps to predict the behavior of the quantum algorithm (or any other computing process that proceeds as part of the work of a quantum computer system) with partial entanglement.