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Realization of radio-frequency assisted Förster resonances in an ensemble of a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms

C. Andreeva, A. Cinins, Aigars Ekers, Tretyakov, Vasily M. Entin, Ilya I. Beterov, Elena A. Yakshina, I. I. Ryabtsev, А. Г. Марковски

Published Jan 1, 2015• 0 citations
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Long-range interactions between cold Rydberg atoms, which are used in many important applications, can be enhanced using F\"orster resonances between collective many-body states controlled by an external electric field. Here we report on the first experimental observation of highly resolved radio-frequency-assisted F\"orster resonances in a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms. We also observed radio-frequency-induced F\"orster resonances which cannot be tuned by a dc electric field. They imply an efficient transition from van der Waals to resonant dipole-dipole interaction due to Floquet sidebands of Rydberg levels appearing in the rf field. This method can be applied to enhance the interactions of almost arbitrary Rydberg atoms with large principal quantum numbers.

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The observation of the Stark-tuned F\"orster resonances between Rydberg atoms excited by narrowband cw laser radiation requires usage of a Stark-switching technique in order to excite the atoms first in a fixed electric field and then to induce the interactions in a varied electric field, which is scanned across the F\"orster resonance. In our experiments with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms, we have found that the transients at the edges of the electric pulses strongly affect the line shapes of the F\"orster resonances, since the population transfer at the resonances occurs on a time scale of $\ensuremath{\sim}100$ ns, which is comparable with the duration of the transients. For example, a short-term ringing at a certain frequency causes additional radio-frequency-assisted F\"orster resonances, while nonsharp edges lead to asymmetry. The intentional application of the radio-frequency field induces transitions between collective states, whose line shape depends on the interaction strengths and time. Spatial averaging over the atom positions in a single interaction volume yields a cusped line shape of the F\"orster resonance. We present a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the line shape and time dynamics of the Stark-tuned F\"orster resonances $\mathrm{Rb}(n{P}_{3/2})+\mathrm{Rb}(n{P}_{3/2})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Rb}(n{S}_{1/2})+\mathrm{Rb}([n+1]{S}_{1/2})$ for two Rb Rydberg atoms interacting in a time-varying electric field.

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Dipole-dipole interaction between cold Rydberg atoms in RF fields

van Linden van den Heuvell

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Publisher's Note: Line shapes and time dynamics of the Förster resonances between two Rydberg atoms in a time-varying electric field [Phys. Rev. A 94 , 043417 (2016)]

Elena A. Yakshina, Denis B. Tretyakov, Ilya I. Beterov +7 more

The observation of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances between Rydberg atoms excited by narrowband cw laser radiation requires usage of a Stark-switching technique in order to excite the atoms first in a fixed electric field and then to induce the interactions in a varied electric field, which is scanned across the Förster resonance. In our experiments with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms we have found that the transients at the edges of the electric pulses strongly affect the line shapes of the Förster resonances, since the population transfer at the resonances occurs on a time scale of $\sim$100 ns, which is comparable with the duration of the transients. For example, a short-term ringing at a certain frequency causes additional radio-frequency-assisted Förster resonances, while non-sharp edges lead to asymmetry. The intentional application of the radio-frequency field induces transitions between collective states, whose line shape depends on the interaction strengths and time. Spatial averaging over the atom positions in a single interaction volume yields a cusped line shape of the Förster resonance. We present a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the line shape and time dynamics of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances ${\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )+{\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )\to {\rm Rb}(nS_{1/2} )+{\rm Rb}([n+1]S_{1/2} )$ for two Rb Rydberg atoms interacting in a time-varying electric field.

arXiv:1606.06016•Physical Review A•Oct 31, 2016•0 citations
Long-range interactions between cold Rydberg atoms, which are used in many important applications, can be enhanced using F\"orster resonances between collective many-body states controlled by an external electric field. Here we report on the first experimental observation of highly resolved radio-frequency-assisted F\"orster resonances in a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms. We also observed radio-frequency-induced F\"orster resonances which cannot be tuned by a dc electric field. They imply an efficient transition from van der Waals to resonant dipole-dipole interaction due to Floquet sidebands of Rydberg levels appearing in the rf field. This method can be applied to enhance the interactions of almost arbitrary Rydberg atoms with large principal quantum numbers.
The observation of the Stark-tuned F\"orster resonances between Rydberg atoms excited by narrowband cw laser radiation requires usage of a Stark-switching technique in order to excite the atoms first in a fixed electric field and then to induce the interactions in a varied electric field, which is scanned across the F\"orster resonance. In our experiments with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms, we have found that the transients at the edges of the electric pulses strongly affect the line shapes of the F\"orster resonances, since the population transfer at the resonances occurs on a time scale of $\ensuremath{\sim}100$ ns, which is comparable with the duration of the transients. For example, a short-term ringing at a certain frequency causes additional radio-frequency-assisted F\"orster resonances, while nonsharp edges lead to asymmetry. The intentional application of the radio-frequency field induces transitions between collective states, whose line shape depends on the interaction strengths and time. Spatial averaging over the atom positions in a single interaction volume yields a cusped line shape of the F\"orster resonance. We present a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the line shape and time dynamics of the Stark-tuned F\"orster resonances $\mathrm{Rb}(n{P}_{3/2})+\mathrm{Rb}(n{P}_{3/2})\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{Rb}(n{S}_{1/2})+\mathrm{Rb}([n+1]{S}_{1/2})$ for two Rb Rydberg atoms interacting in a time-varying electric field.
The observation of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances between Rydberg atoms excited by narrowband cw laser radiation requires usage of a Stark-switching technique in order to excite the atoms first in a fixed electric field and then to induce the interactions in a varied electric field, which is scanned across the Förster resonance. In our experiments with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms we have found that the transients at the edges of the electric pulses strongly affect the line shapes of the Förster resonances, since the population transfer at the resonances occurs on a time scale of $\sim$100 ns, which is comparable with the duration of the transients. For example, a short-term ringing at a certain frequency causes additional radio-frequency-assisted Förster resonances, while non-sharp edges lead to asymmetry. The intentional application of the radio-frequency field induces transitions between collective states, whose line shape depends on the interaction strengths and time. Spatial averaging over the atom positions in a single interaction volume yields a cusped line shape of the Förster resonance. We present a detailed experimental and theoretical analysis of the line shape and time dynamics of the Stark-tuned Förster resonances Rb(nP3/2)+Rb(nP3/2)→Rb(nS1/2)+Rb([n+1]S1/2){\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )+{\rm Rb}(nP_{3/2} )\to {\rm Rb}(nS_{1/2} )+{\rm Rb}([n+1]S_{1/2} )Rb(nP3/2​)+Rb(nP3/2​)→Rb(nS1/2​)+Rb([n+1]S1/2​) for two Rb Rydberg atoms interacting in a time-varying electric field.