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Measurement Techniques

Control Algorithms in Quantum Frequency Standards Based on the Effect of Coherent Population Trapping

Danil A. Paryohin

Published Apr 1, 2021• 2 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s11018-021-01891-8

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The problem of developing control algorithms in quantum frequency standards based on the effect of coherent population trapping is considered. The development of such algorithms will make it possible to create frequency standards with metrological characteristics that are not inferior to the characteristics of rubidium frequency standards, with reduced power consumption and overall dimensions. A method for studying the dependence of the actual value and frequency instability of quantum frequency standards based on the effect of coherent population trapping on the operating modes of individual parts of the standards is presented. As a criterion for optimizing the laser injection current, the output power of the microwave generator, and the cell temperature, we chose to minimize the effect on the shift of the actual frequency of the standard. A comparative analysis of methods for changing the radiation intensity of a surface-emitting laser with a vertical resonator has been carried out and control algorithms have been developed that take into account the features of these methods. Based on these algorithms, software and tuning methods have been developed in quantum frequency standards based on the effect of coherent population trapping. For the prototype standard, the results of measuring the frequency instability are shown. It is shown that control algorithms and tuning methods can qualitatively change the metrological characteristics of quantum frequency standards based on the effect of coherent population trapping.
The paper describes the practical realization and characteristics of a small, totally autonomous, passive frequency standard based on the coherent population trapping (CPT) phenomenon. A description of the frequency standard, including physical characteristics, block diagrams of the optical control CPT resonance system and of the digital control electronics is given. The characteristics of the frequency standard relative to general functionality and frequency stability are given, as measured on several units.