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Journal of Russian Laser Research

Gaussian Pulse Propagation via Bright and Dark Solitons through an Atomic Medium

Afsar Ali, Bakht Amin Bacha, Umer Wahid, Amin Ur Rahman

Published Mar 1, 2021• 4 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s10946-021-09940-x

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ABSTRACT The manipulation of optical solitons and their pulse intensity in a five‐level M‐type Kerr atomic medium driven by control fields of a super‐Gaussian beam is investigated. Here, we study an important problem for the design of tunable nonlinear optical and quantum communication systems that can control soliton characteristics through spatial beam parameters. The theoretical investigation is based on the density‐matrix formalism combined with the Maxwell–Bloch equations to analyze the propagation dynamics of solitonic pulses under different beam orders, variances, detunings, and Rabi frequencies. It is shown that the soliton profile depends strongly on the deviation and order of the super‐Gaussian beam. The pulse amplitude and localization significantly improve, and the system exhibits transitions from multipeak to bright and dark periodic solitons when the power is adjusted between 1 and 10 and the variances between 0 and 1. The measured soliton intensities from to show controlled behavior throughout spatial and temporal coordinates. The results demonstrate that the dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity balance may be externally adjusted using beam shape, enabling flexible soliton generation and control. This work is novel and extends earlier work that was limited to Gaussian or lower level configurations by introducing a structured‐beam‐driven approach to control optical solitons in M‐type atomic system.

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Abstract The coherent manipulation and control of bright and dark solitons through sodium atomic medium have been investigated in this manuscript. Dark soliton is reported for reflection and bright soliton is reported for transmission pulses with variation in position and driving field parameters through sodium atomic medium. Further the transmission pulse is periodic dark and bright solitonic behaviors and reflection pulse is periodic bright solitonic behavior with variation in the incident angle and Rabi frequency of the control field. Elliptical dark and bright solitons as well as breather types solitons are also investigated for reflection and transmission pulses. The dark soliton in reflection is due to slow light propagation and bright soliton is obtained due to fast light propagation of transmission through the medium. The modified results of the dark and bright solitons are useful for telecommunication and ultra-fast signal routing system.
The area devoted to cross-Kerr nonlinearity and coherent driving fields is increasingly used to control optical solitons in atomic media. Recently, this area has been investigated by using the concepts of fractals theory. Since then, fractals theory has various applications in different disciplines of science and engineering. The said area has the capability to describe the complex geometry of dynamical problems. The propagation of light pulse and their solitonic behavior are investigated in a [Formula: see text] medium of four levels. Significant control over the absorption, dispersion, group refractive index and pulse propagation is reported with variation of coupled driving fields. The sublominal group velocity of [Formula: see text] and superlominal propagation of group velocity of [Formula: see text] is controlled. The bright and dark soliton pulse is modified with variation of driving fields in the superluminal and sublominal regions. Due subluminality of light dark soliton is reported and superluminality bright soliton is noted in the medium. The maximum of [Formula: see text] output pulse intensity is controlled. The intensity of the output pulse is an increasing and decreasing function of coupled driving fields’ Rabi frequencies. The modified solitons in this rubidium atomic medium are comparably more informative and significant to solitonic pulse intensity control in four-level cesium atomic medium under Doppler and inverse Doppler broadening effects. The modified results have useful application and soliton radar and communication technologies.
ABSTRACT The manipulation of optical solitons and their pulse intensity in a five‐level M‐type Kerr atomic medium driven by control fields of a super‐Gaussian beam is investigated. Here, we study an important problem for the design of tunable nonlinear optical and quantum communication systems that can control soliton characteristics through spatial beam parameters. The theoretical investigation is based on the density‐matrix formalism combined with the Maxwell–Bloch equations to analyze the propagation dynamics of solitonic pulses under different beam orders, variances, detunings, and Rabi frequencies. It is shown that the soliton profile depends strongly on the deviation and order of the super‐Gaussian beam. The pulse amplitude and localization significantly improve, and the system exhibits transitions from multipeak to bright and dark periodic solitons when the power is adjusted between 1 and 10 and the variances between 0 and 1. The measured soliton intensities from to show controlled behavior throughout spatial and temporal coordinates. The results demonstrate that the dispersion and Kerr nonlinearity balance may be externally adjusted using beam shape, enabling flexible soliton generation and control. This work is novel and extends earlier work that was limited to Gaussian or lower level configurations by introducing a structured‐beam‐driven approach to control optical solitons in M‐type atomic system.