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IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science

Basic Theory of Quantum Entanglement and the Possibility of Passing on Information Faster than the Speed of Light

Mr Yihe Xue

Published Feb 1, 2021• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Quantum entanglement is the core of quantum physics, which is a part of theoretical physics. This theory is once assumed to be the hope of faster-than-light communication. If the technique is achievable, it would be a great breakthrough in the field of physics. I went through the development history of quantum entanglement and conclude it, which is the main stuff I write about in this article, as it involves many differing and sometimes contradictory opinion of physicists. The main part of my research depends on articles about quantum mechanics. I read them first and extracted the relevant contents to form a complete timeline of development. During my exploration, a conclusion of faster-than-light communication is impossible is arose.

DOI
10.1088/1755-1315/658/1/012001

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Abstract Quantum entanglement is the core of quantum physics, which is a part of theoretical physics. This theory is once assumed to be the hope of faster-than-light communication. If the technique is achievable, it would be a great breakthrough in the field of physics. I went through the development history of quantum entanglement and conclude it, which is the main stuff I write about in this article, as it involves many differing and sometimes contradictory opinion of physicists. The main part of my research depends on articles about quantum mechanics. I read them first and extracted the relevant contents to form a complete timeline of development. During my exploration, a conclusion of faster-than-light communication is impossible is arose.
Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage
Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage.
Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that became important from the late 19th century to the start of the 20th century and its non-relativistic part seemed to be completed by von Neumann in 1932. However, the EPR paradox by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen pointed out a strange feature of quantum mechanics known as quantum entanglement, which represented that people are unable to consider the existence of global states of composite system as a product of the states of separate subsystems. The phenomenon promotes to a further study of quantum and a new faster way of communication. The article introduces the discovery and the early research of the quantum entanglement, how the theory about the quantum entanglement was corrected, the fabrication of the entangled particles, and the application of the quantum entanglements phenomena to the quantum communication. The research aims to discuss the importance of the study of the quantum entanglement at current stage.
A fundamental concept in quantum mechanics, quantum entanglement describes a one-of-a-kind occurrence in which two particles, separated by physical distance, become physically connected so that the states of one particle can instantly affect the states of the other. Quantum entanglement has both theoretical and practical consequences for communication and information processing, which are explored in this study. This article explores the latest developments in quantum cryptography, quantum teleportation, and quantum computing, focusing on how these technologies have the ability to transform communication networks, computational speed, and data security. While outlining potential future research directions, the report delves into issues including scalability and decoherence. This manuscript uses entanglement to highlight its revolutionary impact on the development of scientific and technological frontiers.
A.Einstein held an opposite attitude towards Quantum Mechanics(QM),which first appeared in 1926 and reached the top in 1935 when he,together with B.Podolsky,N.Rosen published the EPR thesis and it promotes science development in an opposite side.The EPR thesis is based on Special Relativity(SR).Both SR and EPR deny the possibility of faster-than-light.But QM allows the existence of faster-than-light,agreeing to non-locality of QM is the premise of researching in faster-than light.In 1965,during the interview John Bell confided that his unequality was the outcome of EPR thinking,which denied ultra-space effect under EPR thesis,conditions resulted in quite peculiar correlations that QM predicted.The results of Aspect’s experiments were within expectation that QM has never been wrong now and will not in the future despite of strict requirements.Undoubtedly,the experiments proved that Einstein’s ideas didn’t hold water.In Bell’s opinion,to get rid of the difficulties after the announcement of the Aspect’s experiments,it intends to go back to Lorentz and Poincare,and assume that ether existed as a referential system in which matters went faster than light.Bell repeatedly pointed out that be wanted to go back to ether because EPR had predicted there was something faster than light in the background.…… Since 1992,it is reported that there have been many successful faster than light experiments.Some of them are based on quantum tunneling effect;some are based on classic physical phenomena such as evanescent waves,anomalous dispersion.And in 2008,D.Salart et.al.performed a experiment using entangled photons between two villages separated by 18km.In conclusion,the speed of the influence of quantum entanglement would have to exceed than of light by at least four orders of magnitude,i.e.10 4 c ～ 10 7 c.Anyway,this experiment was the summation of discussions about the EPR thesis for a long time.For the past 25 years Quantum Superluminality was one subject of my chief study.In 1985,we proposed the model of quantum potential barrier equivalent circuit.In 1991,we first indicated that there could be the wave velocity v p 0 and v g 0 in the evanescent waves mode of the waveguide below cut off and the book An Introduction to the Theory of waveguide Below Cut-off made me get the First National Scientific and Technology Book Award of China.Moreover,in 2003 we through an experiment in the coaxial photonic crystal,a superluminal group velocity of(1.5 ～ 2.4) c are observed in the stop-band of frequency.In 2005,we suggested the term of General Information Velocity(GIV);and in 2010,we suggested the term of Quantum Superluminality(QS),and also suggested remodel the existing accelerator to discover the superluminal strange electron.Now,this paper discusses some problems of Quantum Superluminality profoundly,such as the velocity definition of the microscopic particles,the relation between the EPR thinking and the faster-than-light research,the interaction speed of the quantum entangle-state,superluminality of the quantum tunneling,the negative wave velocity,QS of the Casimir effect.We show that the unite of Quantum Optics(QO) and classical physical sujects are becoming more important.Since 2000,the negative group velocity experiments are always employing some atomic metal(such as Cs、Ka、Rb) vapor for tests.It make full use of the latest achievement in laser science and technology,then it was modern physical experiment in QO,not the classical physical experiment.The negative group velocity not only the special situation of faster-than-light,but also has the features: the exiting pulse’s peak can appear to exit the medium before the peak of the input pulse enters.So it was different that of classical causality.Although that knowledges and discovers of QS are widen and lively,then it greatly inspired us;but it is not the immediate conclusion that answers some questions about the possibility of material,energy and information according to faster-than-light propagation.To design the ingenious and convincing superluminal experiments are also basic task of scientists.