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Optics and Spectroscopy

General theory of magnetic resonance in a magnetic field periodic in time. Resonance effects of interference of degenerate quasienergy states of an ensemble of two-level atoms

M. D. Anosov

Published Apr 1, 1980• 0 citations
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Accurate classification and selective observation of Rosen-Zener-Stückelberg resonances

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Rosen-Zener-St\"uckelberg (RZS) interferometry has provided an important tool for presenting and describing the quantum coherence in many systems, especially in ultracold atomic systems. In this paper we propose a Floquet matrix method to recognize the resonances induced by destructive RZS interference of a periodically driving two-level system with a ${sin}^{2}$-type field. It is shown that the RZS resonances can be precisely distinguished into two classes: Regular resonance and accidental resonance. The former corresponds to the degenerate points in quasienergy spectrum and can be divided into integer resonance and half-integer resonance, while the latter is characterized by the eigenstate of a Floquet matrix with half of the components equaling to zero. We further discuss the possibility of experimentally observing these resonances. Particularly, it is found that a selective observation of different types of resonances can be realized in most cases by adjusting the time interval of periodic measurements.

Physical Review A•Sep 14, 2020•2 citations
A theory of matter-wave interference is developed in which resonant, standing-wave optical fields interact with an ensemble of two-level atoms. If effects related to the recoil the atoms undergo on absorbing or emitting radiation are neglected, the total atomic density is spatially uniform. However, when recoil effects are included, spatial modulation of the atomic density can occur for times that are greater than or comparable to the inverse recoil frequency. In this regime, the atoms exhibit matter-wave interference that can be used as the basis of a matter-wave atom interferometer. Two specific atom-field geometries are considered, involving either one or two field-interaction zones. For each geometry, the recoil-induced spatial modulation of the total atomic density is calculated. In contrast to the normal Talbot and Talbot-Lau effects, the spatially modulated density is nota periodic function of time, owing to spontaneous emission; however, after a sufficiently long time, the contribution from spontaneous processes no longer plays a role and the periodicity is restored. With a suitable choice of observation time and field strengths, the spatially modulated atomic density serves as an indirect probe of the distribution of spontaneously emitted radiation.
Rosen-Zener-St\"uckelberg (RZS) interferometry has provided an important tool for presenting and describing the quantum coherence in many systems, especially in ultracold atomic systems. In this paper we propose a Floquet matrix method to recognize the resonances induced by destructive RZS interference of a periodically driving two-level system with a sin2{sin}^{2}sin2-type field. It is shown that the RZS resonances can be precisely distinguished into two classes: Regular resonance and accidental resonance. The former corresponds to the degenerate points in quasienergy spectrum and can be divided into integer resonance and half-integer resonance, while the latter is characterized by the eigenstate of a Floquet matrix with half of the components equaling to zero. We further discuss the possibility of experimentally observing these resonances. Particularly, it is found that a selective observation of different types of resonances can be realized in most cases by adjusting the time interval of periodic measurements.