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Universal shock-wave propagation in one-dimensional Bose fluids

Romain Dubessy, Juan Polo, Hélène Perrin, Anna Minguzzi, Maxim Olshanii

Published Jul 9, 2020• 16 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We propose a protocol for creating moving, robust dispersive shock waves in interacting one-dimensional Bose fluids. The fluid is prepared in a moving state by phase imprinting and sent against the walls of a box trap. We demonstrate that the thus formed shock wave oscillates for several periods and is robust against thermal fluctuations. We show that this large amplitude dynamics is universal across the whole spectrum of the interatomic interaction strength, from weak to strong interactions, and it is fully controlled by the sound velocity inside the fluid. Our work provides a generalization of the dispersive-shock-wave paradigm to the many-body regime. The shock waves we propose are within reach for ultracold atom experiments.6 MoreReceived 8 July 2020Accepted 5 January 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013098Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBose gasesCold atoms & matter wavesPhysical Systems1-dimensional systemsBose-Einstein condensatesNonlinear DynamicsAtomic, Molecular & Optical

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Le and Olaya-Castro Reply:

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Received 28 January 2021Accepted 29 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.188902Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum correlations in quantum informationQuantum discordQuantum formalismQuantum foundationsQuantum-to-classical transitionGeneral PhysicsQuantum Information

Physical Review Letters•May 7, 2021•1 citation
We propose a protocol for creating moving, robust dispersive shock waves in interacting one-dimensional Bose fluids. The fluid is prepared in a moving state by phase imprinting and sent against the walls of a box trap. We demonstrate that the thus formed shock wave oscillates for several periods and is robust against thermal fluctuations. We show that this large amplitude dynamics is universal across the whole spectrum of the interatomic interaction strength, from weak to strong interactions, and it is fully controlled by the sound velocity inside the fluid. Our work provides a generalization of the dispersive-shock-wave paradigm to the many-body regime. The shock waves we propose are within reach for ultracold atom experiments.6 MoreReceived 8 July 2020Accepted 5 January 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.013098Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasBose gasesCold atoms & matter wavesPhysical Systems1-dimensional systemsBose-Einstein condensatesNonlinear DynamicsAtomic, Molecular & Optical
We propose a protocol for creating moving, robust dispersive shock waves in interacting one-dimensional Bose fluids.The fluid is prepared in a moving state by phase imprinting and sent against the walls of a box trap.We demonstrate that the thus formed shock wave oscillates for several periods and is robust against thermal fluctuations.We show that this large amplitude dynamics is universal across the whole spectrum of the interatomic interaction strength, from weak to strong interactions, and it is fully controlled by the sound velocity inside the fluid.Our work provides a generalization of the dispersive-shock-wave paradigm to the many-body regime.The shock waves we propose are within reach for ultracold atom experiments.
We implement a moving boundary condition in a 1D quantum liquid to study nonlinear wave breaking and its regularization by dispersion. Programmable optical potentials allow us to compress a weakly interacting ultra-cold Bose gas trapped on an atomchip at tunable speeds of up to three times the speed of sound and we subsequently measure the quasi-in-situ density distribution to extract the shock wave edge dynamics. We resolve both leading and trailing edge velocities and observe a shock wave width that increases linearly in time, which are distinguishing features of dispersive shock waves, consistent with asymptotic predictions using Whitham's method. Quantitative agreement is found with finite temperature non-polynomial Schrödinger equation simulations, taking into account the imaging process and the finite height of the piston potential. Our results constitute a controlled, quantitative test of dispersive shock dynamics in a 1D quantum fluid and demonstrate that the coarse-grained dispersive-shock phenomenology remains robust even as the microscopic dynamics depart from the strictly integrable 1D regime.
© 2023 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.By combining experiments and numerical simulations which model the dynamics of shaken atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, we reveal the surprising nature of quantum turbulence in these systems. Unlike the tangles of vortex lines described in the superfluid helium literature, we find that our turbulent atomic condensate contains a mixture of strong fragmented density fluctuations and small random vortex loops which are not homogeneously distributed. This unusual form of turbulence, with its own properties and scaling behavior, which we call strong quantum turbulence, is significantly different from the turbulence which is observed in either classical or other quantum systems, thus posing a new challenge in turbulence research.
We study the dynamics of one-dimensional bosons trapped in a box potential, in the presence of a barrier creating a tunable weak-link, thus realizing a one dimensional Bose Josephson junction. By varying the initial population imbalance and the barrier height we evidence different dynamical regimes. In particular we show that at large barriers a two mode model captures accurately the dynamics, while for low barriers the dynamics involves dispersive shock waves and solitons. We study a quench protocol that can be readily implemented in experiments and show that self-trapping resonances can occur. This phenomenon can be understood qualitatively within the two-mode model.
Received 18 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.029901Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.© 2021 American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Physical Systems1-dimensional systemsStrongly correlated systemsTechniquesElectronic structureFirst-principles calculationsNumerical techniquesQuantum chemistry methodsCondensed Matter & Materials Physics
Received 28 January 2021Accepted 29 March 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.188902Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI.Published by the American Physical SocietyPhysics Subject Headings (PhySH)Research AreasQuantum correlations in quantum informationQuantum discordQuantum formalismQuantum foundationsQuantum-to-classical transitionGeneral PhysicsQuantum Information