Evolution Towards Quantum Metrology and the Action Agenda for Developing IT-Enabled Metrology

Ivo Pietro Degiovanni, Marco Gramegna, S. Bize +2 more

Carlton M. Caves

Ivo Pietro Degiovanni, Marco Gramegna, S. Bize +2 more

The second quantum revolution is underway and the deployment of Quantum Technologies (QT) keeps pace with it. This technological paradigm-switch creates opportunities and challenges for industry, innovation and society. Several large companies, as well as start-ups, have started to develop and engineer quantum devices or begun to integrate them into their products: the commercial success of QT, together with progress in research and development, relies on certification and reliability built upon internationally agreed standards and metrological traceability. A group of European National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Delegated Institutes (DIs) have recently created a European Metrology Network for Quantum Technologies (EMN-Q) under the auspices of EURAMET. The objective of the EMN-Q is to co-ordinate the activities of the European NMIs and Dis to ensure their efficient support for European competitiveness in quantum technologies. A special focus of the EMN-Q will be to develop new measurement capabilities and dedicated services to serve the rapidly-growing needs of industry and research institutions in this field. Industry, governmental agencies, academic sectors or any other type of stakeholder are welcome to contact the EMN-Q and discuss their metrology needs. These can relate not only to quantum characteristics of quantum devices, but also to metrology of key enabling technologies, metrology that can improve the supply chain of industrial quantum devices or other industrial needs connected with quantum technologies. EMN-Q aims to become is to become the central contact point to stakeholders interested in metrology for quantum technologies by: • contributing to standardisation & certification of quantum technologies; • promoting the take-up of metrology in the development of these technologies; • supporting industrial needs in synergy with the technological objectives of the EC Quantum Flagship and national quantum technology programs; and • promoting the use of quantum measurement techniques where advantageous for “classical” technical areas. We are in process of structuring and developing the communication services of the EMN-Q. One of the key aspect in this EMN-Q development is the establishment the EMN-Q Strategic Research Agenda (SRA). The SRA will contain the technological roadmaps that are created by the EMN-Q members in consultation with the EMN-Q Stakeholder Community. In this paper, we will provide a short overview of the EMN-Q organization, and of the SRA and the relative Technological Roadmaps.

Paul Hockett

Rafał Demkowicz-Dobrzański

Ayoub Taoussi

Description: This work investigates a fundamental but often overlooked limitation of physical measurement: the finite duration required to perform any measurement. We demonstrate that the impossibility of instantaneous measurement imposes intrinsic limits on the assignment of exact numerical values to physical quantities, even within purely classical systems. By developing a unified temporal framework, the paper shows that classical dynamical uncertainty arising from system evolution during the measurement interval shares a common origin with quantum measurement back-action. A generalized uncertainty relation is derived that incorporates both classical dynamical effects and quantum measurement noise, revealing a temperature-dependent crossover between classical and quantum regimes. The theory predicts a measurable classical–quantum transition in back-action noise and proposes a concrete experimental test using cavity optomechanical systems. Practical implications for precision metrology, quantum-enhanced sensing, and the operational interpretation of physical quantities are discussed. These results suggest that measurement precision is inherently temporal rather than instantaneous, providing new insight into the foundations of measurement in both classical and quantum physics. Keywords:measurement theory; quantum measurement; classical dynamics; uncertainty relations; back-action; optomechanics; metrology; temporal averaging