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Physics of Atomic Nuclei

Some exact results for the three-layer zamolodchikov model

Herman E. Boos, Vladimir V. Mangazeev

Published Jun 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this talk, we present our recent results on the three-layer Zamolodchikov model. We discuss solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations following from functional relations. We consider two regimes I and II that differ by the signs of the spherical sides ( a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ) → (− a 1 , − a 2 , − a 3 ). Also, we accept the two-line hypothesis for regime I and the one-line hypothesis for regime II. In the thermodynamic limit, we derive integral equations for distribution densities and solve them exactly. Using this solution, we calculate the partition function for the three-layer Zamolodchikov model and check the compatibility of this result with functional relations. We also discuss the reasons for the discrepancy with Baxter’s result of 1986.

DOI
10.1134/1.1490096

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In this talk, we present our recent results on the three-layer Zamolodchikov model. We discuss solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations following from functional relations. We consider two regimes I and II that differ by the signs of the spherical sides ( a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ) → (− a 1 , − a 2 , − a 3 ). Also, we accept the two-line hypothesis for regime I and the one-line hypothesis for regime II. In the thermodynamic limit, we derive integral equations for distribution densities and solve them exactly. Using this solution, we calculate the partition function for the three-layer Zamolodchikov model and check the compatibility of this result with functional relations. We also discuss the reasons for the discrepancy with Baxter’s result of 1986.
In studies of one-dimensional Bethe ansatz solvable models, a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with a difference kernel on a finite interval often appears. This equation does not generally admit a closed-form solution and hence its analysis is quite complicated. Here we study a family of such equations, concentrating on their moments. We find exact relations between the moments in the form of difference-differential equations. The latter results significantly advance the analysis, enabling one to practically determine all the moments from the explicit knowledge of the lowest one. As applications, several examples are considered. First, we study the moments of the quasimomentum distribution in the Lieb-Liniger model and find explicit analytical results. The latter moments determine several basic quantities, e.g., the NNN-body local correlation functions. We prove the equivalence between different expressions found in the literature for the three-body local correlation functions and find an exact result for the four-body local correlation function in terms of the moments of the quasimomentum distributions. We eventually find the analytical results for the three- and four-body correlation functions in the form of asymptotic series in the regimes of weak and strong interactions. Next, we study the exact form of the low-energy spectrum of a magnon (a polaron) excitation in the two-component Bose gas described by the Yang-Gaudin model. We find its explicit form, which depends on the moments of the quasimomentum distributions of the Lieb-Liniger model. Then, we address a seemingly unrelated problem of capacitance of a circular capacitor and express the exact result for the capacitance in the parametric form. In the most interesting case of short plate separations, the parametric form has a single logarithmic term. This should be contrasted with the explicit result that has a complicated structure of logarithms.
Abstract. We study a system of functional relations among a commuting family of row-to-row transfer matrices in solvable lattice models. The role of exact sequences of the finite dimensional quantum group modules is clarified. We find a curious phenomenon that the solutions of those functional relations also solve the so-called thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations in the high temperature limit for sl(r + 1) models. Based on this observation, we propose possible functional relations for models associated with all the simple Lie algebras. We show that these functional relations certainly fulfill strong constraints coming from the fusion procedure analysis. The application to the calculations of physical quantities will be presented in the subsequent publication.
In the first part of the thesis we construct models, called integrable, in which we can perform exact computations of physical quantities. We introduce several new out-of-equilibrium models that are obtained by solving, in specific cases, the Yang-Baxter equation and the reflection equation. We provide new algebraic structures which allow us to construct the solutions through a Baxterisation procedure. In the second part of the thesis we compute exactly the stationary state of these models using a matrix ansatz. We shed light on the connection between this technique and the integrability of the model by pointing out two key relations: the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev relation and the Ghoshal-Zamolodchikov relation. The integrability is also exploited, through the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations, to compute the fluctuations of the particles current, unrevealing connections with the theory of symmetric polynomials (the Koornwinder polynomials in particular). Finally the last part of the thesis deals with the hydrodynamic limit of the models, i.e when the lattice spacing tends to zero and the number of particles tends to infinity. The exact results obtained for a finite size system allow us to check the validity of the predictions of the macroscopic fluctuations theory (concerning the fluctuations of the current and the density profile in the stationary state) and to extend the theory to systems with several species of particles.
Functional equations methods are a fundamental part of the theory of Exactly Solvable Models in Statistical Mechanics and they are intimately connected with Baxter's concept of commuting transfer matrices. This concept has culminated in the celebrated Yang-Baxter equation which plays a fundamental role for the construction of quantum integrable systems and also for obtaining their exact solution. Here I shall discuss a proposal that has been put forward in the past years, in which the Yang-Baxter algebra is viewed as a source of functional equations describing quantities of physical interest. For instance, this method has been successfully applied for the description of the spectrum of open spin chains, partition functions of elliptic models with domain wall boundaries and scalar product of Bethe vectors. Further applications of this method are also discussed.