Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Acta Physica Sinica

Dissipative dynamics of few-photon superposition states in optical microcavity

Wen Hong-Yan, Yang Yang, Lian-Fu Wei

Published Jan 1, 2012• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Detections and manipulations of quantum optical state at single-photon level have received much attention in the current experiments. Here, by numerically calculating the time-evolved Wigner functions, we investigate the dynamics of the typical non-classical state, i.e., few-photon superposition states in a dissipating optical microcavity. It is shown that the negativity of their Wigner function vanishes with dissipation. But this does not imply that all the non-classical features of the dissipative quantum state disappear. In fact, it is shown that the value of the second-order correlation function g(2)(0) (which serves usually as the standard criterion of a typical non-classical effect, i.e., the anti-bunching of photons, if g(2)(0)g(2A)(0) varies with the cavity dissipation and thus could be used to describe the physical effects of the dissipative cavity. Finally, we discuss the experimental feasibility of our proposal with a practically-existing cavity QED system.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.184206

Related papers

Dissipative dynamics of few-photons superposition states: A dynamical invariant

Hong-Yan Wen, Jing Cheng, Yang, Y. +1 more

By numerically calculating the time-evolved Wigner functions, we investigate the dynamics of a few-photon superposed (e.g., up to two ones) state in a dissipating cavity. It is shown that, the negativity of the Wigner function of the photonic state unquestionably vanishes with the cavity's dissipation. As a consequence, the nonclassical effects related to the negativity of the Wigner function should be weakened gradually. However, it is found that the value of the second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}(0)$ (which serves usually as the standard criterion of a typical nonclassical effect, i.e., $g^{(2)}(0)<1$ implies that the photon is anti-bunching) is a dynamical invariant during the dissipative process of the cavity. This feature is also proven analytically and suggests that $g^{(2)}(0)$ might not be a good physical parameter to describe the photonic decays. Alternatively, we find that the anti-normal-order correlation function $g^{(2A)}(0)$ changes with the cavity's dissipation and thus is more suitable to describe the dissipative-dependent cavity. Finally, we propose an experimental approach to test the above arguments with a practically-existing cavity QED system.

arXiv:1110.3456•Oct 16, 2011•0 citations

TIME EVOLUTION OF THE NONCLASSICALITY FOR THE FOCK STATES AND THEIR SUPERPOSITION STATES BY THE WIGNER FUNCTION

KUN SI, NING-LI ZHU, H. Y. Jia

The Wigner functions of the Fock states and their superposition states have negative value clearly. We focus on discussing the time evolution of the Fock states and their superposition states by the Wigner function under the coherent drive (pumping laser) and dissipation channels (cavity radiation). The results show that the negative region of their Wigner function gradually diminishes as the time kt or the gain coefficient g increasing. In addition, the disappearing time is related to the value of g - k. The loss of non-classical features becomes slower when g increases with the k > g; there is the "frozen zone" when k = g; then the loss of non-classical features becomes faster when g increases with k < g.

Modern Physics Letters B•Mar 31, 2011•3 citations

Nonclassical properties of superposition of vacuum state and singlephoton state in laser process

LU Dao-min

Master equations of density operators can be concisely solved by virtue of thermo entangled state representation and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators.The solution of master equations of density operators is given.We get the Wigner function evolution formula in phase space and photon number distribution formula of the state,which is a superposition of vacuum state and single-photon state initially in laser process.By numerical calculation we plot its Wigner function and photon number distribution evolution curves,when cavity gain constant and cavity loss constant are both equal to certain values.The effect of decoherence on nonclassical property of the state is discussed by comparing negative area size and the depth of negativity of Wigner function.Numerical results show that the negativity area size and the depth of negativity of its Wigner function decrease and then vanish with dissipation.In addition,we calculate the variation of negative volume of Wigner function with dissipation time.We find that it decreases with dissipation time increasing.These results show that the nonclassical properties of the state are weakened and then disappear with dissipation time increasing.

Journal of Optoelectronics·laser•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

Generation of entangled coherent states in cavity QED and its nonclassicality

Chenchao Hua, Shi-Qing Tang

Cavity quantum electrodynamics is the intersection of quantum physics and microcavity optics research. In this paper, we presented a two-mode cavity coupled to a classical field driven by N three-level atoms to prepare entangled coherent states based on cavity QED. In this scheme, we adopt the interaction between the three-level atoms and the two-mode optical cavity, The initial state of one optical field is an odd-even coherent state, while the initial state of another optical field is a coherent state. After considering the time evolution of the initial states with the system, we obtained the specific form of the time evolution of the quantum states and prepared the entangled coherent state successfully. We discussed and analysed some of the nonclassical properties of the optical field and quantum states, including the second-order correlation function and the Wigner function. The results show that when calculating the second-order correlation function, the photons are found to exhibit a sub-Poisson distribution at some points in time. In addition, when observing the Wigner function of the quantum states evolving with time, it is found that there is a negative part of the Wigner distribution at some moments, which implies that the quantum state exhibits nonclassical properties at these certain moments.

SPIE Conference on Quantum and Nonlinear Optics•Oct 12, 2023•0 citations

Superposition of excited coherent states and their non-classical properties

Lan Hai-jiang

The superposition of excited coherent states was constructed by superpositioning two excited coherent states of the same intensity and mutual phase conjugation,and their Wigner functions,second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors were calculated,upon which their non-classical properties were analyzed.The numerical results show that,the Wigner functions of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors are both less than 1.Hence,the research shows that the quasi-probability distribution of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their light field has anti-bunching effects,with the distribution of photon number being of sub-Poisson distribution.Therefore,these superposition states are quantum states with non-classical properties.

Journal of Guangxi University•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations

Non-classical states of the electromagnetic field in cavity QED

L. G. Lutterbach, L. Davidovich

We propose simple experiments in cavity quantum electrodynamics leading, for the first time, to the measurement of negative values of the Wigner function of an electromagnetic field. We also show that the realization of a controlled-not gate within the framework of cavity QED is a special case of our proposal, and is equivalent to the measurement of the Wigner function of a one-photon field at the origin of phase space.

Optics Express•Aug 17, 1998•15 citations
Detections and manipulations of quantum optical state at single-photon level have received much attention in the current experiments. Here, by numerically calculating the time-evolved Wigner functions, we investigate the dynamics of the typical non-classical state, i.e., few-photon superposition states in a dissipating optical microcavity. It is shown that the negativity of their Wigner function vanishes with dissipation. But this does not imply that all the non-classical features of the dissipative quantum state disappear. In fact, it is shown that the value of the second-order correlation function g(2)(0) (which serves usually as the standard criterion of a typical non-classical effect, i.e., the anti-bunching of photons, if g(2)(0)g(2A)(0) varies with the cavity dissipation and thus could be used to describe the physical effects of the dissipative cavity. Finally, we discuss the experimental feasibility of our proposal with a practically-existing cavity QED system.
By numerically calculating the time-evolved Wigner functions, we investigate the dynamics of a few-photon superposed (e.g., up to two ones) state in a dissipating cavity. It is shown that, the negativity of the Wigner function of the photonic state unquestionably vanishes with the cavity's dissipation. As a consequence, the nonclassical effects related to the negativity of the Wigner function should be weakened gradually. However, it is found that the value of the second-order correlation function g(2)(0)g^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) (which serves usually as the standard criterion of a typical nonclassical effect, i.e., g(2)(0)<1g^{(2)}(0)<1g(2)(0)<1 implies that the photon is anti-bunching) is a dynamical invariant during the dissipative process of the cavity. This feature is also proven analytically and suggests that g(2)(0)g^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0) might not be a good physical parameter to describe the photonic decays. Alternatively, we find that the anti-normal-order correlation function g(2A)(0)g^{(2A)}(0)g(2A)(0) changes with the cavity's dissipation and thus is more suitable to describe the dissipative-dependent cavity. Finally, we propose an experimental approach to test the above arguments with a practically-existing cavity QED system.
The Wigner functions of the Fock states and their superposition states have negative value clearly. We focus on discussing the time evolution of the Fock states and their superposition states by the Wigner function under the coherent drive (pumping laser) and dissipation channels (cavity radiation). The results show that the negative region of their Wigner function gradually diminishes as the time kt or the gain coefficient g increasing. In addition, the disappearing time is related to the value of g - k. The loss of non-classical features becomes slower when g increases with the k > g; there is the "frozen zone" when k = g; then the loss of non-classical features becomes faster when g increases with k < g.
Master equations of density operators can be concisely solved by virtue of thermo entangled state representation and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators.The solution of master equations of density operators is given.We get the Wigner function evolution formula in phase space and photon number distribution formula of the state,which is a superposition of vacuum state and single-photon state initially in laser process.By numerical calculation we plot its Wigner function and photon number distribution evolution curves,when cavity gain constant and cavity loss constant are both equal to certain values.The effect of decoherence on nonclassical property of the state is discussed by comparing negative area size and the depth of negativity of Wigner function.Numerical results show that the negativity area size and the depth of negativity of its Wigner function decrease and then vanish with dissipation.In addition,we calculate the variation of negative volume of Wigner function with dissipation time.We find that it decreases with dissipation time increasing.These results show that the nonclassical properties of the state are weakened and then disappear with dissipation time increasing.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics is the intersection of quantum physics and microcavity optics research. In this paper, we presented a two-mode cavity coupled to a classical field driven by N three-level atoms to prepare entangled coherent states based on cavity QED. In this scheme, we adopt the interaction between the three-level atoms and the two-mode optical cavity, The initial state of one optical field is an odd-even coherent state, while the initial state of another optical field is a coherent state. After considering the time evolution of the initial states with the system, we obtained the specific form of the time evolution of the quantum states and prepared the entangled coherent state successfully. We discussed and analysed some of the nonclassical properties of the optical field and quantum states, including the second-order correlation function and the Wigner function. The results show that when calculating the second-order correlation function, the photons are found to exhibit a sub-Poisson distribution at some points in time. In addition, when observing the Wigner function of the quantum states evolving with time, it is found that there is a negative part of the Wigner distribution at some moments, which implies that the quantum state exhibits nonclassical properties at these certain moments.
The superposition of excited coherent states was constructed by superpositioning two excited coherent states of the same intensity and mutual phase conjugation,and their Wigner functions,second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors were calculated,upon which their non-classical properties were analyzed.The numerical results show that,the Wigner functions of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their second-order coherence degree and Mandel Q factors are both less than 1.Hence,the research shows that the quasi-probability distribution of the superposition of excited coherent states may become negative,and their light field has anti-bunching effects,with the distribution of photon number being of sub-Poisson distribution.Therefore,these superposition states are quantum states with non-classical properties.