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Asia Communications and Photonics Conference

Optimal two-mode collective attacks against unidimensional two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution

Yiming Bian, Luyu Huang, Yichen Zhang, Song Yu

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We report the security analysis of unidimensional two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol against two-mode collective attacks, where the optimal eavesdropping strategy is given by a two-mode attack with appropriate separable correlations.
DOI
10.1364/acpc.2020.m4a.33

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A fully general approach to the security analysis of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is presented. Provided that the quantum channel is estimated via the covariance matrix of the quadratures, Gaussian attacks are shown to be optimal against all collective eavesdropping strategies. The proof is made strikingly simple by combining a physical model of measurement, an entanglement-based description of CV-QKD, and a recent powerful result on the extremality of Gaussian states [M. M. Wolf, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 080502 (2006)10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.080502].
Security of practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution is addressed and a security analysis framework, which does not rely on phase-space symmetries of signal states and correlations, is developed. In a general purification-based approach, following optimality of Gaussian collective attacks, it is suggested to find an equivalent generally mixed two-mode state shared between the trusted parties and then purifying it using Bloch-Messiah decomposition. This allows to assess security of the schemes with arbitrary parameters, which can be typically expected in experiments. It also allows to theoretically predict the role of asymmetries of signals and correlations on security of the protocols. The method can be used for security analysis of practical continuous-variable schemes directly from the measured data without any symmetrization assumptions.