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Acta Physica Sinica

One- and two-mode successively squeezed state and its statistical properties

Yuan Hong-Chun, Xue-xiang Xu

Published Jan 1, 2012• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

One- and two-mode successively squeezed state, obtained through re-squeezing two single mode squeezed states by the two-mode squeezing operator, is studied in terms of the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators. We first derive the normally ordered form of this one- and two-mode successively squeezing operator, and then investigate the quantum statistical properties of the corresponding squeezed state. Particularly, we use the Weyl ordering invariance under a similar transformation to derive the analytical expression of its Wigner function, which seems very easy and concise. Finally, the experimental generation of one- and two-mode successively squeezed state is also proposed simply.

DOI
10.7498/aps.61.064205

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One- and two-mode successively squeezed state, obtained through re-squeezing two single mode squeezed states by the two-mode squeezing operator, is studied in terms of the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators. We first derive the normally ordered form of this one- and two-mode successively squeezing operator, and then investigate the quantum statistical properties of the corresponding squeezed state. Particularly, we use the Weyl ordering invariance under a similar transformation to derive the analytical expression of its Wigner function, which seems very easy and concise. Finally, the experimental generation of one- and two-mode successively squeezed state is also proposed simply.
We find that the exponential operator V ≡exp[ i λ( Q 1 P 2 + Q 2 P 3 +⋅⋅⋅+ Q n −1 P n + Q n P 1 )], Q i , P i are, respectively, the coordinate and momentum operators, is an n -mode squeezing operator which engenders standard squeezing. By virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators we derive V 's normally ordered expansion and obtain the n -mode squeezed vacuum states, its Wigner function is calculated by using the Weyl ordering invariance under similar transformations.
It is known that exp [iλ ( Q 1 P 1 – i/2)] is a unitary single-mode squeezing operator, where Q 1 , P 1 are the coordinate and momentum operators, respectively. In this paper we employ Dirac's coordinate representation to prove that the exponential operator , is an n -mode squeezing operator which enhances the standard squeezing. By virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators we derive S n 's normally ordered expansion and obtain new n -mode squeezed vacuum states, its Wigner function is calculated by using the Weyl ordering invariance under similar transformations.
Squeezed state is theoretically obtained by performing the squeezing operator on an initial state.Due to non-commutable operators each other,it is not easy to directly obtain the explicit expression of squeezed state.Here,a general approach is provided for deriving the squeezed state′s explicit form,namely,by virtue of the Weyl-Wigner correspondence scheme the explicit forms of single-mode and two-mode squeezed state is obtained,respectively.Without disentangling the squeezing operator,this adopted method is applicable to explicitly solve the general multimode case.
We introduce the three-mode entangled state and set up an experiment to generate it. Then we discuss the three-mode squeezing operator squeezed | p , χ 2 , χ 3 ⟩ → μ -3/2 | p /μ, χ 2 /μ, χ 3 /μ ⟩ and the optical implement to realize such a squeezed state. We also reveal that c -number asymmetric shrink transform in the three-mode entangled state, i.e. | p , χ 2 , χ 3 ⟩ → μ -1/2 | p /μ, χ 2 , χ 3 ⟩, maps onto a kind of one-sided three-mode squeezing operator exp {iλ/3 (∑ i =1 3 P i ) (∑ i =1 3 Q i ) − λ/2}. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators, we derive their normally ordered forms and construct the corresponding squeezed states.
It is known that exp[i\lamda(Q_1P_1-i/2)] is a unitary single-mode squeezing operator, where Q_1,P_1 are the coordinate and momentum operators, respectively. In this paper we employ Dirac's coordinate representation to prove that the exponential operator S_{n}=Exp[i\lamda sum_{i=1}^{n}](Q_{i}P_{i+1}+Q_{i+1}P_{i}))], (Q_{n+1}=Q_1P_{n+1}=P_1), is a n-mode squeezing operator which enhances the standard squeezing. By virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators we derive S_{n}'s normally ordered expansion and obtain new n-mode squeezed vacuum states, its Wigner function is calculated by using the Weyl ordering invariance under similar transformations.
We introduce the three-mode entangled state and set up an experiment to generate it. Then we discuss the three-mode squeezing operator squeezed | p, x2, x3> →μ-3/2|p/μ, x2/μ, x3/μ> and the optical implement to realize such a squeezed state. We also reveal that c-number asymmetric shrink transform in the three-mode entangled state, i.e. |p, x2,x3> →μ-1/2|p/μ,x2,x3>, maps onto a kind of one-sided three-mode squeezing operator exp{iλ/3(∑3i=1 Pi) (∑3i=1 Qi) - λ/2}. Using the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP) of operators, we derive their normally ordered forms and construct the corresponding squeezed states.