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International Conference Laser Optics (ICLO)

Quantum correlation of optical-terahertz biphotons generated via spontaneous parametric down-conversion

A.A. Leontyev, Kirill A. Kuznetsov, A.M. Rudyak, Pavel A. Prudkovskii, G. Kh. Kitaeva

Published Nov 2, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the statistical properties of optical - terahertz biphotons generated by means of spontaneous parametric down conversion. Numerical dependence of the second-order correlation function is obtained depending on the frequency. Statistical distributions of the detector's readings in idler and signal channels are analyzed experimentally.

DOI
10.1109/iclo48556.2020.9285914

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We study the statistical properties of optical - terahertz biphotons generated by means of spontaneous parametric down conversion. Numerical dependence of the second-order correlation function is obtained depending on the frequency. Statistical distributions of the detector's readings in idler and signal channels are analyzed experimentally.
We study conditions for the generation of strongly correlated photons of two extremely different frequency ranges, optical and terahertz, via the spontaneous parametric down-conversion effect in a nonlinear medium. Analytical expressions for the correlation function are derived using equations of the generalized Kirchhoff law for the second-order field moments with account of both classical thermal and quantum vacuum field fluctuations, possible inherent absorption of the medium at terahertz frequencies, and angular divergences of signal and idler radiation caused by a transverse limited spatial profile of the Gaussian pump beam. Associated with the current absence of terahertz photon counting detectors and coincidence schemes, the possible experimental limitations in measuring the second-order optical-terahertz field correlations are studied. Numerical calculations of noncollinear eee-geometry parametric down-conversion in a Mg:LiNbO3\mathrm{Mg}:\mathrm{LiNb}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}Mg:LiNbO3​ crystal demonstrate angular characteristics, particular features of the temperature and spectral behavior of the second-order quantum correlation function of optical-terahertz biphotons.
The second-order correlation function which characterizes the quantum correlation between the optical and terahertz photons generated under spontaneous parametric down-conversion has been measured for the first time. A scheme of experiment based on the analysis of analog signals from terahertz and optical detectors has been proposed. Various approaches to exclude the effect of electronic and thermal noise on the measured correlation level have been discussed. The results make it possible to expand quantum optical technologies such as quantum calibration of detectors, fabrication of single-photon sources, and imaging with single-pixel detectors to the terahertz range.