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Chinese Physics B

High-precision three-dimensional Rydberg atom localization in a four-level atomic system*

Hengfei Zhang, Jinpeng Yuan, Lirong Wang, Liantuan Xiao, Suotang Jia

Published Dec 17, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Rydberg atoms have been widely investigated due to their large size, long radiative lifetime, huge polarizability and strong dipole-dipole interactions. The position information of Rydberg atoms provides more possibilities for quantum optics research, which can be obtained under the localization method. We study the behavior of three-dimensional (3D) Rydberg atom localization in a four-level configuration with the measurement of the spatial optical absorption. The atomic localization precision depends strongly on the detuning and Rabi frequency of the involved laser fields. A 100% probability of finding the Rydberg atom at a specific 3D position is achieved with precision of ∼0.031λ. This work demonstrates the possibility for achieving the 3D atom localization of the Rydberg atom in the experiment.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/abd46f

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Rydberg atoms have been widely investigated due to their large size, long radiative lifetime, huge polarizability and strong dipole-dipole interactions. The position information of Rydberg atoms provides more possibilities for quantum optics research, which can be obtained under the localization method. We study the behavior of three-dimensional (3D) Rydberg atom localization in a four-level configuration with the measurement of the spatial optical absorption. The atomic localization precision depends strongly on the detuning and Rabi frequency of the involved laser fields. A 100% probability of finding the Rydberg atom at a specific 3D position is achieved with precision of ∼0.031λ. This work demonstrates the possibility for achieving the 3D atom localization of the Rydberg atom in the experiment.
Abstract We propose a scheme for subwavelength three-dimensional (3D) Rydberg atom localization in a ( V + Ξ)-type atomic system by spatial optical absorption microscopy. Position-dependent atom–field interaction allows atom position information to be obtained via measurement of the probe absorption. Some distinctive spatial localization patterns are discovered by adjusting the detuning and Rabi frequency of the laser fields. A 100% probability of finding the Rydberg atom at a specific position in 3D subwavelength space is achieved under appropriate conditions. This scheme may provide a novel approach for realizing high-precision 3D Rydberg atom localization in experiment.
A theoretical study is presented for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a four-level atomic system involving a Rydberg state. The scheme is based on a mixture of two well-known V- and ladder-type systems illuminated by a weak probe field as well as control and switching laser beams of larger intensity, which could be standing waves. As a result of space-dependent atom− light interaction and due to the effect of Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency or Rydberg electromagnetically induced absorption, various 2D and 3D localization structures appear. Specifically, the detecting probability and precision of 2D and 3D atom localization can be remarkably enhanced through suitable adjusting the controlling parameters of the system. The proposed scheme may provide a promising approach to achieve high precision and perfect resolution 2D and 3D atom localization.
Abstract We propose a new scheme for highly efficient three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a coherently driven closed-loop four-level atomic system via measuring the probe absorption of the weak field. Due to the spatially dependent atom–field interaction, the absorption spectra of the weak probe laser field carry the information about the atomic position. By solving the density-matrix equations of motion and properly modulating the system parameters such as the probe detuning, the relative phase of three driving fields, and the intensity of the control and microwave fields, we can realize high-precision and high-resolution 3D atom localization. Furthermore, we can find the atom at a certain position with 100% probability under appropriate conditions, and then we employ the dressed-state analysis to explain qualitatively the reason of high-precision 3D atom localization.
Abstract A scheme for three-dimensional (3D) atom localization with high-precision and high-resolution is proposed and its control is studied in a four-level atomic system driven by an additional microwave field. Because of the spatial dependent interaction between atoms and standing wave fields, the atoms can be localized in a domain with widths as small as 0.014 λ by appropriately adjusting the system parameters. The probe absorption spectrum of the atomic system gives the position information of the atoms and different evolution patterns of the localization structures in this study. The population distribution and its 3D localization structures can be easily adjusted by parameters of the microwave field, which can achieve a 100% probability of observing the atom in a specific space and the accuracy with the value of 0.014 λ . Compared with 1D or 2D localizations, 3D localization can further improve the precision of position measurement and develop its spatial resolution, which may produce a wider variety of practical applications with high precision requirement.
We demonstrate the behavior of three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a four-level Y-type atomic system driven by a microwave field. The position information of the atom can be obtained by measuring the position-dependent probe absorption when the atom interacts with three orthogonal standing-wave fields. It is found that the precision of the atom localization depends sensitively on the probe detuning and the strength of the microwave field. Remarkably, the localization precision can be significantly improved by increasing the amplitude of the microwave field, and the localization position will be changed by adjusting the relative phase between the standing-wave, microwave, and control fields.
We present a new scheme for high-efficiency three-dimensional (3D) atom localization in a three-level atomic system via measuring the absorption of a weak probe field. Owing to the space-dependent atom–field interaction, the position probability distribution of the atom can be directly determined by measuring the probe absorption. It is found that, by properly varying the parameters of the system, the probability of finding the atom at a particular position can be almost 100%. Our scheme opens a promising way to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency 3D atom localization, which provides the possibility to realize laser cooling or atom nanolithography via 3D atom localization.