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OSA Quantum 2.0 Conference

Scalable Generation of Multi-Photon GHZ States

Benjamin Brecht, Evan Meyer-Scott, Nidhin Prasannan, Ish Dhand, Sonja Barkhofen, Viktor Quiring, Christof Eigner, Martin Bodo Plenio, Christine Silberhorn

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrate the scalable generation of multi-photon GHZ states. Using multiplexing with an all-optical quantum buffer, we show an exponential increase in generation rates of four- and six-photon GHZ states compared to standard schemes.
DOI
10.1364/quantum.2020.qm6b.1

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Multiphoton entangled quantum states are key to advancing quantum technologies such as multiparty quantum communications, quantum sensing, or quantum computation. Their scalable generation, however, remains an experimental challenge. Current methods for generating these states rely on stitching together photons from probabilistic sources, and state generation rates drop exponentially in the number of photons. Here, we implement a system based on active feed-forward and multiplexing that addresses this challenge. We demonstrate the scalable generation of four-photon and six-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, increasing generation rates by factors of 9 and 35, respectively. This is consistent with the exponential enhancement compared to the standard nonmultiplexed approach that is predicted by our theory. These results facilitate the realization of practical multiphoton protocols for photonic quantum technologies.
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Multi-photon entangled states of light are key to advancing quantum communication, computation, and metrology. Current methods for building such states are based on stitching together photons from probabilistic sources. The probability of NNN such sources firing simultaneously decreases exponentially with NNN, imposing severe limitations on the practically achievable number of coincident photons. We tackle this challenge with a quantum interference buffer (QIB), which combines three functionalities: firstly, it stores polarization qubits, enabling the use of polarization-entangled states as resource; secondly, it implements entangled-source multiplexing, greatly enhancing the resource-state generation rates; thirdly, it implements time-multiplexed, on-demand linear optical networks for interfering subsequent states. Using the QIB, we multiplex 21 Bell-state sources and demonstrate a nine-fold enhancement in the generation rate of four-photon GHZ states. The enhancement scales exponentially with the photon number; larger states benefit more strongly. Multiplexed photon entanglement and interference will find diverse applications in quantum photonics, allowing for practical realisations of multi-photon protocols.