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Acta Physica Sinica

Quantum random number generator based on polarization

Feng MingMing, Qin XiaoLin, Chunyuan Zhou, Xiong Li, Ding LiangEn, 光谱学与波谱学教育部重点实验室，华东师范大学物理系，上海 200062

Published Jan 1, 2003• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a set of random number generator based on a quantum mechanical source,which is the process of splitting a beam of photons on a polarizing beam splitter.The randonmess of the polarizing photon is detected by the synchronous singlephoton coincidence detection technique.The random bit data are transferred to a personal computer via a digital I/O interface.The random numbers are tested by the Pseudorandom Number Sequence Test Program(ENT) which is the most popular random number test program in the world.The result is perfect.

DOI
10.7498/aps.52.72

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We present a set of random number generator based on a quantum mechanical source,which is the process of splitting a beam of photons on a polarizing beam splitter.The randonmess of the polarizing photon is detected by the synchronous singlephoton coincidence detection technique.The random bit data are transferred to a personal computer via a digital I/O interface.The random numbers are tested by the Pseudorandom Number Sequence Test Program(ENT) which is the most popular random number test program in the world.The result is perfect.
We present the realization of a physical quantum random number generator based on the process of splitting a beam of photons on a beam splitter, a quantum mechanical source of true randomness. By utilizing either a beam splitter or a polarizing beam splitter, single photon detectors and high speed electronics the presented devices are capable of generating a binary random signal with an autocorrelation time of 11.8 ns and a continuous stream of random numbers at a rate of 1 Mbit/s. The randomness of the generated signals and numbers is shown by running a series of tests upon data samples. The devices described in this paper are built into compact housings and are simple to operate.
We present the realization of a physical quantum random number generator based on the process of splitting a beam of photons on a beam splitter, a quantum mechanical source of true randomness. By utilizing either a beam splitter or a polarizing beam splitter, single photon detectors and high speed electronics the presented devices are capable of generating a binary random signal with an autocorrelation time of 11.8 ns and a continuous stream of random numbers at a rate of 1 Mbit/s. The randomness of the generated signals and numbers is shown by running a series of tests upon data samples. The devices described in this paper are built into compact housings and are Random numbers are a vital ingredient in many applications ranging, to name some examples, from computational methods such as Monte Carlo simulations and programming1, over to the large field of cryptography for generating of crypto code or masking messages, as far as to commercial applications like lottery games and slot machines2–5. Recently
Quantum random number generators (QRNG) are the prime source of randomness, by exploiting the unpredictable nature of Quantum mechanics QRNG aims to provide a string of completely random utterly unpredictable numbers. QRNGs are crucial for cryptography, scientific calculation, simulation, and many more real-world applications. Our Optical Quantum Random Number Generator (OQRNG) utilizes a high-speed pulsating laser, a Polarizing beam splitter (PBS), photodetectors, and advanced signal processing units that capture and digitize random photon intensity forming the raw random bit stream. This technique is famously known as Branching Path Technique. After that, we implement rigorous testing that encompasses the statistical randomness tests developed by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to ensure the guaranteed ran-domness meets security standards. A user-friendly Graphic user interface (GUI) simplifies interaction with the QRNG allowing the user to configure device settings, monitor system performance, and securely extract random numbers. Our findings help us demonstrate the superiority of QRNGs over classical random number generators, and highlight the potential of photon-based QRNGs and their environmentally friendly and efficient random number generation.
In this letter, we present an implementation of a random number generator based on photon polarization superposition. We prepare photons in a superposition state of vertical and horizontal polarizations, let them pass through a polarizing beamsplitter and set two detectors at each path to get a 50–50 chance of finding the photon at each detector. We present the results of the NIST test suite for random number generators for our binary sequence of approximately 1.4 × 107 bits and analyze the different p-values obtained to statistically assess its randomness. In doing so, we use von Neumann’s algorithm for bias removal and briefly explain how the statistical tests work.