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Frontiers in Optics

Real-Time Shaping of Entangled Photons by Classical Control and Feedback

Ohad Lib, Giora Hasson, Yaron Bromberg

Published Jan 1, 2020• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We present a novel method for compensating scattering of entangled photons in real-time, by using feedback from the classical pump beam that stimulates their creation, paving the way for implementing wavefront shaping in quantum technologies.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2020.ftu8d.7

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Quantum technologies hold great promise for revolutionizing photonic applications such as cryptography. Yet their implementation in real-world scenarios is held back, mostly due to sensitivity of quantum light to scattering. Recent developments in optimizing the shape of single photons introduce new ways to control quantum light. Nevertheless, shaping single photons in real-time remains a challenge due to the weak associated signals, which are too noisy for optimization processes. Here, we overcome this challenge and control scattering of entangled photons by shaping the classical laser beam that stimulates their creation. We discover that since the classical beam and the entangled photons follow the same path, the strong classical signal can be used for optimizing the weak quantum signal. We show that this approach can increase the length of free-space turbulent quantum links by up to two orders of magnitude, opening the door for employing wavefront shaping for quantum communications.
This study falls within the emerging field of quantum optics in scattering media. By employing wavefront shaping, researchers successfully transmitted spatially entangled photon pairs through scattering media, mitigating optical disturbances by wavefront shaping. They maintained entanglement with a dimensionality of 17 after propagation, opening avenues for applications in quantum microscopy and quantum communication. Interestingly, this work also shows that in certain cases, quantum entanglement can be transmitted through a complex medium, while classical light remains scattered.