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Frontiers in Optics

Characterization of Dephasing and Dissipating Effects in Hybrid Quantum Systems

Jiŕí Svozilík, Raúl Hidalgo-Sacoto, Ievgen I. Arkhipov

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Open hybrid quantum systems are characterized via the generalized Wigner function and its corresponding features. Various hybrid quantum states, such as qubit-coherent states, are considered.
DOI
10.1364/fio.2020.jth4a.34

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We present a method to implement two-phonon interactions between mechanical resonators and spin qubits in hybrid setups, and show that these systems can be applied for the generation of nonclassical mechanical states even in the presence of dissipation. In particular, we demonstrate that the implementation of a two-phonon Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian under coherent driving of the qubit yields a dissipative phase transition with similarities to the one predicted in the model of the degenerate parametric oscillator: beyond a certain threshold in the driving amplitude, the driven-dissipative system sustains a mixed steady state consisting of a "jumping cat," i.e., a cat state undergoing random jumps between two phases. We consider realistic setups and show that, in samples within reach of current technology, the system features nonclassical transient states, characterized by a negative Wigner function, that persist during timescales of fractions of a second.
In a recent paper, Tilma, Everitt et al. derived a generalized Wigner function that can characterize both the discrete and continuous variable states, i.e., hybrid states. As such, one can expect that the negativity of the generalized Wigner function applied to the hybrid states can reveal their nonclassicality, in analogy with the well-known Wigner function defined for the continuous variable states. In this work, we demonstrate that, indeed, the negativity volume of the generalized Wigner function of the hybrid bipartite states can be used as an entanglement witness for such states, provided that it exceeds a certain critical value. In particular, we study hybrid bipartite qubit-bosonic states and provide a qubit-Schrödinger cat state as an example. Since the detection of the generalized Wigner function of hybrid bipartite states in phase space can be experimentally simpler than the tomographic reconstruction of the corresponding density matrix, our results, therefore, present a convenient tool in the entanglement identification of such states.
Abstract The persistence of coherence in a hybrid dissipative system, which is composed of superconducting flux-qubits (SFQs) and an electron ensemble, is analyzed. Both the interactions between the electrons and the SFQs are taken into account. The time evolution of the hybrid system is discussed in terms of the discrete Wigner function of each subsystem and in terms of the entropic uncertainty relations. The inclusion of a linewidth, both for the electrons and the SFQs, influences the coherence of each subsystem and the pattern of spin squeezing of the corresponding steady state.