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Decay Rate of A Wannier Exciton in Low Dimensional Systems

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The superradiant decay rate of Wannier exciton in one dimensional system is studied. The crossover behavior from 1D chain to 2D film is also examined. It is found that the decay rate shows oscillatory dependence on channel width L. When the quasi 1-D channel is embeded with planar microcavities, it is shown that the dark mode exciton can be examined experimentally.

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We want to make the best use of the mesoscopic or macroscopic transition dipolemornent of excitons by controling the size and dimension of the materials. First, the semiconductor microcrystallites embedded in insulators or glasses are shown to have the mesoscopic transition dipolemoment of excitons1 . As a result, the exciton in CuC1 microcrystallite with the radius 80 A superradiatively decays in 100 pico-second2. Futhermore, the exciton-exciton interaction and the decay and relaxation of the exciton work effectively in deviating the excitons in the microcrystallite from ideal bosons and this system shows the large third-order optical susceptibility3 of an order of iO esu when we assume the 0.1% packing of the CuC1 microcrystallites. These predictions have been confirmed expriment ally4'5. Second, the two-dimensional excitons in quantum wells can superradiatively decay in the direction perpendicular to the surfaces2 . This brings about the quick response and the deviation of the excitons from ideal bosons at the same time. The latter effect as well as the two-dimensional macroscopic enhancement of the exction transition dipolemoment enhance the third-order optical susceptibility3. Both the superradiative decay rate and increase as does the coherent length, which is inversely proportional to the square root of the exciton line width6.© (1990) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Jan 1, 1990•0 citations
The superradiant decay rate of Wannier exciton in one dimensional system is studied. The crossover behavior from 1D chain to 2D film is also examined. It is found that the decay rate shows oscillatory dependence on channel width L. When the quasi 1-D channel is embeded with planar microcavities, it is shown that the dark mode exciton can be examined experimentally.
Super-radiant decay rate and frequency shift of a Wannier exciton in a one-dimensional quantum wire are studied. It is shown that the dark-mode exciton can be examined experimentally when the quantum wire is embedded in a planar microcavity. It is also found that the decay rate is greatly enhanced as the cavity length Lc{L}_{c}Lc​ is equal to the multiple wavelength of the emitted photon. Similar to its decay-rate counterpart, the frequency shift also shows discontinuities at resonant modes.
Excitonic superradiance has been predicted to induce a rapid decay rate of coherently excited excitons in thin quantum wells and microspheres. In this paper we revisit this problem and derive the enhancement factor of the radiative decay due to superradiant effects. In a GaAs quantum well, the excitonic superradiant radiative decay can be roughly 320 times faster than the decay of a free electron-hole pair. The exciton decay rate depends strongly on the lateral size of the wave function when the size is smaller than the inverse of the wave vector of the emitted light. In a GaAs quantum well this corresponds to a distance of \ensuremath{\approxeq}365 \AA{}. Therefore, it is predicted that localization and elastic phonon scattering may lead to decay rates substantially smaller than that predicted for an ideal quantum well. It is also shown that if the quantum well is placed inside a microcavity, the decay rate can be enhanced even further since the cavity modifies the available density of radiation states in a way that matches the superradiant emission. It is predicted that in a matched dielectric cavity the decay rate can be enhanced by an additional factor of 100, but that inhomogeneous broadening may in practice limit the possible enhancement.
We want to make the best use of the mesoscopic or macroscopic transition dipolemornent of excitons by controling the size and dimension of the materials. First, the semiconductor microcrystallites embedded in insulators or glasses are shown to have the mesoscopic transition dipolemoment of excitons1 . As a result, the exciton in CuC1 microcrystallite with the radius 80 A superradiatively decays in 100 pico-second2. Futhermore, the exciton-exciton interaction and the decay and relaxation of the exciton work effectively in deviating the excitons in the microcrystallite from ideal bosons and this system shows the large third-order optical susceptibility"3 of an order of iO esu when we assume the 0.1% packing of the CuC1 microcrystallites. These predictions have been confirmed expriment ally4'5. Second, the two-dimensional excitons in quantum wells can superradiatively decay in the direction perpendicular to the surfaces2 . This brings about the quick response and the deviation of the excitons from ideal bosons at the same time. The latter effect as well as the two-dimensional macroscopic enhancement of the exction transition dipolemoment enhance the third-order optical susceptibility3. Both the superradiative decay rate and increase as does the coherent length, which is inversely proportional to the square root of the exciton line width6.
Low-temperature time-resolved luminescence experiments with 3-ps resolution have been performed on quantum-well excitons embedded in a nonguiding half-wave microcavity that displays the exciton-photon mode splitting. The spontaneous-emission dynamics of each of the two split components was studied as a function of the exciton-cavity detuning under resonant optical excitation. The spontaneous-emission decay rate is significantly modified with respect to the cavityless situation and its detuning dependence is accounted for by the strong radiative coupling between the radiant exciton states and the cavity photon modes. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
We want to make the best use of the mesoscopic or macroscopic transition dipolemornent of excitons by controling the size and dimension of the materials. First, the semiconductor microcrystallites embedded in insulators or glasses are shown to have the mesoscopic transition dipolemoment of excitons1 . As a result, the exciton in CuC1 microcrystallite with the radius 80 A superradiatively decays in 100 pico-second2. Futhermore, the exciton-exciton interaction and the decay and relaxation of the exciton work effectively in deviating the excitons in the microcrystallite from ideal bosons and this system shows the large third-order optical susceptibility3 of an order of iO esu when we assume the 0.1% packing of the CuC1 microcrystallites. These predictions have been confirmed expriment ally4'5. Second, the two-dimensional excitons in quantum wells can superradiatively decay in the direction perpendicular to the surfaces2 . This brings about the quick response and the deviation of the excitons from ideal bosons at the same time. The latter effect as well as the two-dimensional macroscopic enhancement of the exction transition dipolemoment enhance the third-order optical susceptibility3. Both the superradiative decay rate and increase as does the coherent length, which is inversely proportional to the square root of the exciton line width6.© (1990) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.