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Quantum damped oscillator I: dissipation and resonances

Chruscinski, D, Jurkowski, J

Published Jan 1, 2005• 27 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Quantization of a damped harmonic oscillator leads to so called Bateman's dual system. The corresponding Bateman's Hamiltonian, being a self-adjoint operator, displays the discrete family of complex eigenvalues. We show that they correspond to the poles of energy eigenvectors and the corresponding resolvent operator when continued to the complex energy plane. Therefore, the corresponding generalized eigenvectors may be interpreted as resonant states which are responsible for the irreversible quantum dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator.

Related papers

Quantum mechanics of damped systems

Dariusz Chruściński

We show that the quantization of a simple damped system leads to a self-adjoint Hamiltonian with a family of complex generalized eigenvalues. It turns out that they correspond to the poles of energy eigenvectors when continued to the complex energy plane. Therefore, the corresponding generalized eigenvectors may be interpreted as resonant states. We show that resonant states are responsible for the irreversible quantum dynamics of our simple model.

arXiv:math-ph/0301024•Journal of Mathematical Physics•Aug 21, 2003•44 citations

Symmetries of the quantum damped harmonic oscillator

J Guerrero, Francisco F. López-Ruiz, V. Aldaya +1 more

For the non-conservative Caldirola–Kanai system, describing a quantum damped harmonic oscillator, a couple of constant-of-motion operators generating the Heisenberg–Weyl algebra can be found. The inclusion of the standard time evolution generator (which is not a symmetry) as a symmetry in this algebra, in a unitary manner, requires a non-trivial extension of this basic algebra and hence of the physical system itself. Surprisingly, this extension leads directly to the so-called Bateman dual system, which now includes a new particle acting as an energy reservoir. In addition, the Caldirola–Kanai dissipative system can be retrieved by imposing constraints. The algebra of symmetries of the dual system is presented, as well as a quantization that implies, in particular, a first-order Schrödinger equation. As opposed to other approaches, where it is claimed that the spectrum of the Bateman Hamiltonian is complex and discrete, we obtain that it is real and continuous, with infinite degeneracy in all regimes.

arXiv:1210.4058•Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical•Nov 8, 2012•14 citations

Connecting dissipation and noncommutativity: A Bateman system case study

Sayan Kumar Pal, Partha Nandi, Biswajit Chakraborty

We present an approach to the problem of quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator. To start with, we adopt the standard method of doubling the degrees of freedom of the system (Bateman form) and then, by introducing some new parameters, we get a generalized coupled set of equations from the Bateman form. Using the corresponding time-independent Lagrangian, quantum effects on a pair of Bateman oscillators embedded in an ambient noncommutative space (Moyal plane) are analyzed by using both path integral and canonical quantization schemes within the framework of the Hilbert--Schmidt operator formulation. Our method is distinct from those existing in the literature and where the ambient space was taken to be commutative. Our quantization shows that we end up again with a Bateman system except that the damping factor undergoes renormalization. Strikingly, the corresponding expression shows that the renormalized damping factor can be nonzero even if ``bare'' one is zero to begin with. In other words, noncommutativity can act as a source of dissipation. Conversely, the noncommutative parameter $\ensuremath{\theta}$, taken to be a free one now, can be fine tuned to get a vanishing renormalized damping factor. This indicates in some sense a ``duality'' between dissipation and noncommutativity. Our results match the existing results in the commutative limit.

arXiv:1803.03334•Physical Review A•Jun 11, 2018•16 citations

Effective description of the quantum damped harmonic oscillator: revisiting the Bateman dual system

Carlos Raul Javier Valdez, Héctor H. Hernández, Guillermo Chacón‐Acosta

Abstract In this work, we present a quantization scheme for the damped harmonic oscillator (QDHO) using a framework known as momentous quantum mechanics. Our method relies on a semiclassical dynamical system derived from an extended classical Hamiltonian, where the phase-space variables are given by expectation values of observables and quantum dispersions. The significance of our study lies in its potential to serve as a foundational basis for the effective description of open quantum systems (OQS), and the description of dissipation in quantum mechanics. By employing the Bateman’s dual model as the initial classical framework, and undergoing quantization, we demonstrate that our description aligns exceptionally well with the well-established Lindblad master equation for the QDHO. Furthermore, the robust formulation of our approach suggests a broad applicability in the context of OQS, extending implementations into more general systems, making it a versatile and powerful tool to study diverse phenomena.

arXiv:2309.02689•Physica Scripta•Feb 10, 2025•3 citations

A note on a classical dynamical system and its quantization

Fabio Bagarello

In a recent paper a slightly modified version of the Bateman system, originally proposed to describe a damped harmonic oscillator, was proposed. This system is really different from the Bateman’s one, in the sense that this latter cannot be recovered for any choice of its parameters. In this paper we consider this system and we show that, at a quantum level, it is not necessarily dissipative. In particular we show that the Hamiltonian of the system, when quantized, produces different behaviors, depending on some relations between its parameters. In fact, it gives rise to either a two dimensional (standard) harmonic oscillator, or to two independent oscillators, one of which is again standard , and a second one which is an inverted oscillator. The two cases are analyzed in terms of bosonic or pseudo-bosonic ladder operators, and the appearance of distributions for the inverted oscillator is commented.

arXiv:2506.21989•Annals of Physics•Jul 21, 2025•0 citations

Quantum dynamics of the damped harmonic oscillator

T. G. Philbin

Abstract. The quantum theory of the damped harmonic oscillator has been a subject of continual investigation since the 1930s. The obstacle to quantization created by the dissipation of energy is usually dealt with by including a discrete set of additional harmonic oscillators as a reservoir. But a discrete reservoir cannot directly yield dynamics such as Ohmic damping (proportional to velocity) of the oscillator of interest. By using a continuum of oscillators as a reservoir, we canonically quantize the harmonic oscillator with Ohmic damping and also with general damping behaviour. The dynamics of a damped oscillator is determined by an arbitrary effective susceptibility that obeys Kramers-Kronig relations. This approach offers an alternative description of nano-mechanical oscillators and opto-mechanical systems. PACS numbers: 03.65.-w, 03.65.Yz, 03.70.+k 1.

•Aug 17, 2016•18 citations
Quantization of a damped harmonic oscillator leads to so called Bateman's dual system. The corresponding Bateman's Hamiltonian, being a self-adjoint operator, displays the discrete family of complex eigenvalues. We show that they correspond to the poles of energy eigenvectors and the corresponding resolvent operator when continued to the complex energy plane. Therefore, the corresponding generalized eigenvectors may be interpreted as resonant states which are responsible for the irreversible quantum dynamics of a damped harmonic oscillator.
For the non-conservative Caldirola–Kanai system, describing a quantum damped harmonic oscillator, a couple of constant-of-motion operators generating the Heisenberg–Weyl algebra can be found. The inclusion of the standard time evolution generator (which is not a symmetry) as a symmetry in this algebra, in a unitary manner, requires a non-trivial extension of this basic algebra and hence of the physical system itself. Surprisingly, this extension leads directly to the so-called Bateman dual system, which now includes a new particle acting as an energy reservoir. In addition, the Caldirola–Kanai dissipative system can be retrieved by imposing constraints. The algebra of symmetries of the dual system is presented, as well as a quantization that implies, in particular, a first-order Schrödinger equation. As opposed to other approaches, where it is claimed that the spectrum of the Bateman Hamiltonian is complex and discrete, we obtain that it is real and continuous, with infinite degeneracy in all regimes.
We present an approach to the problem of quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator. To start with, we adopt the standard method of doubling the degrees of freedom of the system (Bateman form) and then, by introducing some new parameters, we get a generalized coupled set of equations from the Bateman form. Using the corresponding time-independent Lagrangian, quantum effects on a pair of Bateman oscillators embedded in an ambient noncommutative space (Moyal plane) are analyzed by using both path integral and canonical quantization schemes within the framework of the Hilbert--Schmidt operator formulation. Our method is distinct from those existing in the literature and where the ambient space was taken to be commutative. Our quantization shows that we end up again with a Bateman system except that the damping factor undergoes renormalization. Strikingly, the corresponding expression shows that the renormalized damping factor can be nonzero even if ``bare'' one is zero to begin with. In other words, noncommutativity can act as a source of dissipation. Conversely, the noncommutative parameter $\ensuremath{\theta}$, taken to be a free one now, can be fine tuned to get a vanishing renormalized damping factor. This indicates in some sense a ``duality'' between dissipation and noncommutativity. Our results match the existing results in the commutative limit.
Abstract In this work, we present a quantization scheme for the damped harmonic oscillator (QDHO) using a framework known as momentous quantum mechanics. Our method relies on a semiclassical dynamical system derived from an extended classical Hamiltonian, where the phase-space variables are given by expectation values of observables and quantum dispersions. The significance of our study lies in its potential to serve as a foundational basis for the effective description of open quantum systems (OQS), and the description of dissipation in quantum mechanics. By employing the Bateman’s dual model as the initial classical framework, and undergoing quantization, we demonstrate that our description aligns exceptionally well with the well-established Lindblad master equation for the QDHO. Furthermore, the robust formulation of our approach suggests a broad applicability in the context of OQS, extending implementations into more general systems, making it a versatile and powerful tool to study diverse phenomena.
In a recent paper a slightly modified version of the Bateman system, originally proposed to describe a damped harmonic oscillator, was proposed. This system is really different from the Bateman’s one, in the sense that this latter cannot be recovered for any choice of its parameters. In this paper we consider this system and we show that, at a quantum level, it is not necessarily dissipative. In particular we show that the Hamiltonian of the system, when quantized, produces different behaviors, depending on some relations between its parameters. In fact, it gives rise to either a two dimensional (standard) harmonic oscillator, or to two independent oscillators, one of which is again standard , and a second one which is an inverted oscillator. The two cases are analyzed in terms of bosonic or pseudo-bosonic ladder operators, and the appearance of distributions for the inverted oscillator is commented.
Abstract. The quantum theory of the damped harmonic oscillator has been a subject of continual investigation since the 1930s. The obstacle to quantization created by the dissipation of energy is usually dealt with by including a discrete set of additional harmonic oscillators as a reservoir. But a discrete reservoir cannot directly yield dynamics such as Ohmic damping (proportional to velocity) of the oscillator of interest. By using a continuum of oscillators as a reservoir, we canonically quantize the harmonic oscillator with Ohmic damping and also with general damping behaviour. The dynamics of a damped oscillator is determined by an arbitrary effective susceptibility that obeys Kramers-Kronig relations. This approach offers an alternative description of nano-mechanical oscillators and opto-mechanical systems. PACS numbers: 03.65.-w, 03.65.Yz, 03.70.+k 1.