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Equivalence of two alternative approaches to Schrodinger equations

B. Gönül, Koray Köksal

Published Dec 23, 2005• 3 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Recently developed simple approach for the exact/approximate solution of Schrodinger equations with constant/position-dependent mass, in which the potential is considered as in the perturbation theory, is shown to be equivalent to the one leading to the construction of exactly solvable potentials via the solution of second-order differential equations in terms of known special functions. The formalism in the former solves difficulties encountered in the latter in revealing the corrections explicitly to the unperturbed piece of the solutions whereas the other obviate cumbersome procedures used in the calculations of the former.

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Recently developed simple approach for the exact/approximate solution of Schrodinger equations with constant/position-dependent mass, in which the potential is considered as in the perturbation theory, is shown to be equivalent to the one leading to the construction of exactly solvable potentials via the solution of second-order differential equations in terms of known special functions. The formalism in the former solves difficulties encountered in the latter in revealing the corrections explicitly to the unperturbed piece of the solutions whereas the other obviate cumbersome procedures used in the calculations of the former.
Recently developed simple approach for the exact/approximate solution of Schrodinger equations with constant/position-dependent mass, in which the potential is considered as in the perturbation theory, is shown to be equivalent to the one leading to the construction of exactly solvable potentials via the solution of second-order differential equations in terms of known special functions. The formalism in the former solves difficulties encountered in the latter in revealing the corrections explicitly to the unperturbed piece of the solutions whereas the other obviate cumbersome procedures used in the calculations of the former.
In all the applications of the formalism of quantum theory, we have considered mainly time-independent potential functions, V ( r , t ) = V ( r ). Such potentials made it easier to solve exactly the Schrodinger's equation or by solving the Schrodinger's equation approximately by using perturbation theory. The solution of the Schrodinger equation for time-independent potentials is obtained by using method of separable variables. The solution of time-independent Schrodinger gives stationary states, and the time dependence of the wave function is obtained by adding a phase factor to the stationary state. The schematic that follows describes such an approach ( Figure 7.1 ).
With the consideration of spherical symmetry for the potential and mass function, one-dimensional solutions of non-relativistic Schrodinger equations with spatially varying effective mass are successfully extended to arbitrary dimensions within the frame of recently developed elegant non-perturbative technique, where the BenDaniel-Duke effective Hamiltonian in one-dimension is assumed like the unperturbed piece, leading to well-known solutions, whereas the modification term due to possible use of other effective Hamiltonians in one-dimension and, together with, the corrections coming from the treatments in higher dimensions are considered as an additional term like the perturbation. Application of the model and its generalization for the completeness are discussed.
With the consideration of spherical symmetry for the potential and mass function, one-dimensional solutions of nonrelativistic Schrödinger equations with spatially varying effective mass are successfully extended to arbitrary dimensions within the frame of recently developed elegant nonperturbative technique, where the BenDaniel-Duke effective Hamiltonian in one dimension is assumed like the unperturbed piece, leading to well-known solutions, whereas the modification term due to possible use of other effective Hamiltonians in one dimension and, together with the corrections coming from the treatments in higher dimensions, are considered as an additional term like the perturbation. Application of the model and its generalization for the completeness are discussed.