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NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY, NEGATIVE PROBABILITIES AND CANTORIAN-FRACTAL SPACETIME

Carlos Castro

Published Jan 31, 2013• 11 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

A straightforward explanation of the Young's two-slit experiment of a quantum particle is obtained within the framework of the Noncommutative Geometric associated with El Naschie's Cantorian-Fractal transfinite Spacetime continuum.

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Given the inverse of the Golden Mean $ \tau^{ -1} = \phi = { 1\over 2} (\sqrt 5 - 1)$, it is known that the continuous fraction expansion of $ \phi^{ -1} = 1 + \phi = \tau$ is $ ( 1, 1, 1, \cdots )$. Integer solutions for the pairs of numbers $ ( d_i, n_i ), i = 1, 2, 3, \cdots $ are found obeying the equation $ ( 1 + \phi)^n = d + \phi^n$. The latter equation was inspired from El Naschie's formulation of fractal Cantorian space time $ {\cal E}_\infty$, and such that it furnishes the continuous fraction expansion of $ ( 1 + \phi )^n ~= ~ (d, d, d, d, \cdots )$, generalizing the original expression for the Golden mean. Hardy showed that is possible to demonstrate nonlocality without using Bell inequalities for two particles prepared in $nonmaximally$ entangled states. The maximal probability of obtaining his nonlocality proof was found to be precisely $\phi^5$. Zheng showed that three-particle nonmaximally entangled states revealed quantum nonlocality without using inequalities, and the maximal probability of obtaining the nonlocality proof was found to be $ 0.25 \sim \phi^3 = 0.236$. Given that the two-parameter $ p, q$ quantum-calculus deformations of the integers $ [ n ]_{ p, q} = F_n $ $coincide$ precisely with the Fibonacci numbers, as a result of Binet's formula when $ p = ( 1 + \phi) = \tau, q = - \phi = - \tau^{ -1} $, we explore further the implications of these results in the quantum entanglement of two-particle spin-$s$ states. We finalize with some remarks on the generalized Binet's formula corresponding to generalized Fibonacci sequences.

•Jan 1, 2019•0 citations
Given the inverse of the Golden Mean $ \tau^{ -1} = \phi = { 1\over 2} (\sqrt 5 - 1)$, it is known that the continuous fraction expansion of $ \phi^{ -1} = 1 + \phi = \tau$ is $ ( 1, 1, 1, \cdots )$. Integer solutions for the pairs of numbers $ ( d_i, n_i ), i = 1, 2, 3, \cdots $ are found obeying the equation $ ( 1 + \phi)^n = d + \phi^n$. The latter equation was inspired from El Naschie's formulation of fractal Cantorian space time $ {\cal E}_\infty$, and such that it furnishes the continuous fraction expansion of $ ( 1 + \phi )^n ~= ~ (d, d, d, d, \cdots )$, generalizing the original expression for the Golden mean. Hardy showed that is possible to demonstrate nonlocality without using Bell inequalities for two particles prepared in nonmaximallynonmaximallynonmaximally entangled states. The maximal probability of obtaining his nonlocality proof was found to be precisely ϕ5\phi^5ϕ5. Zheng showed that three-particle nonmaximally entangled states revealed quantum nonlocality without using inequalities, and the maximal probability of obtaining the nonlocality proof was found to be $ 0.25 \sim \phi^3 = 0.236$. Given that the two-parameter $ p, q$ quantum-calculus deformations of the integers $ [ n ]_{ p, q} = F_n $ coincidecoincidecoincide precisely with the Fibonacci numbers, as a result of Binet's formula when $ p = ( 1 + \phi) = \tau, q = - \phi = - \tau^{ -1} ,weexplorefurthertheimplicationsoftheseresultsinthequantumentanglementoftwo−particlespin−, we explore further the implications of these results in the quantum entanglement of two-particle spin-,weexplorefurthertheimplicationsoftheseresultsinthequantumentanglementoftwo−particlespin−s$ states. We finalize with some remarks on the generalized Binet's formula corresponding to generalized Fibonacci sequences.