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2005, “Zeros of RydbergRydberg Foster interactions

Thad G Walker, Mark E. Saffman

Published Jan 1, 2004• 40 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Rydberg states of atoms are of great current interest for quantum manipulation of mesoscopic samples of atoms. Long-range Rydberg–Rydberg interactions can inhibit multiple excitations of atoms under the appropriate conditions. These interactions are strongest when resonant collisional processes give rise to long-range C3/R3 interactions. We show in this paper that even under resonant conditions C3 often vanishes so that care is required to realize full dipole blockade in micron-sized atom samples. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) 1.

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Rydberg states of atoms are of great current interest for quantum manipulation of mesoscopic samples of atoms. Long-range Rydberg–Rydberg interactions can inhibit multiple excitations of atoms under the appropriate conditions. These interactions are strongest when resonant collisional processes give rise to long-range C3/R3 interactions. We show in this paper that even under resonant conditions C3 often vanishes so that care is required to realize full dipole blockade in micron-sized atom samples. (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) 1.
Rydberg states of atoms are of great current interest for quantum manipulation of mesoscopic samples of atoms. Long-range Rydberg–Rydberg interactions can inhibit multiple excitations of atoms under the appropriate conditions. These interactions are strongest when resonant collisional processes give rise to long-range C 3 / R 3 interactions. We show in this paper that even under resonant conditions C 3 often vanishes so that care is required to realize full dipole blockade in micron-sized atom samples.
A dipole blockade, in which Rydberg-atom-Rydberg-atom interactions inhibit all but a single collective Rydberg excitation, has been proposed as a mechanism to store and manipulate quantum information in mesoscopic ensembles. We investigate the excitation dynamics of a collection of a few atoms and show that they undergo an unexpected, qualitative change when the number of atoms increases from two to three. In particular, the combined action of three atoms, each of which pairwise would produce a blockade, can break the dipole blockade.
Resonant laser excitation of multiple Rydberg atoms are prohibited, leading to Rydberg blockade, when the long-range van der Waals interactions are stronger than the laser-atom coupling. Rydberg blockade can be violated, i.e., simultaneous excitation of more than one Rydberg atom, by off-resonant laser excitation, causing an excitation antiblockade. Rydberg antiblockade gives rise to strongly correlated many-body dynamics and spin-orbit coupling and also finds quantum computation applications. Instead of commonly used van der Waals interactions, we investigate antiblockade dynamics of two Rydberg atoms interacting via dipole-dipole exchange interactions. We study typical situations in current Rydberg atom experiments, where different types of dipole-dipole interactions can be achieved by varying Rydberg state couplings. An effective Hamiltonian governing underlying antiblockade dynamics is derived. We illustrate that geometric gates can be realized with the Rydberg antiblockade which is robust against the decay of Rydberg states. Our study may stimulate new experimental and theoretical exploration of quantum optics and strongly interacting many-body dynamics with Rydberg antiblockade driven by dipole-dipole interactions.