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Heralded generation of maximal entanglement in any dimension via incoherent coupling to thermal baths

Armin Tavakoli, Géraldine Haack, Marcus Huber, Nicolas Brunner, Jonatan Bohr Brask

Published Jan 1, 2018• 31 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We present a scheme for dissipatively generating maximal entanglement in a heralded manner. Our setup requires incoherent interactions with two thermal baths at different temperatures, but no source of work or control. A pair of (d+1)-dimensional quantum systems is first driven to an entangled steady state by the temperature gradient, and maximal entanglement in dimension d can then be heralded via local filters. We discuss experimental prospects considering an implementation in superconducting systems.

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We present a scheme for dissipatively generating maximal entanglement in a heralded manner. Our setup requires incoherent interactions with two thermal baths at different temperatures, but no source of work or control. A pair of (d+1)-dimensional quantum systems is first driven to an entangled steady state by the temperature gradient, and maximal entanglement in dimension d can then be heralded via local filters. We discuss experimental prospects considering an implementation in superconducting systems.
We present a scheme for dissipatively generating maximal entanglement in a heralded manner. Our setup requires incoherent interactions with two thermal baths at different temperatures, but no source of work or control. A pair of (d+1) -dimensional quantum systems is first driven to an entangled steady state by the temperature gradient, and maximal entanglement in dimension d can then be heralded via local filters. We discuss experimental prospects considering an implementation in superconducting systems.
We discuss a simple quantum thermal machine for the generation of steady-state entanglement between two interacting qubits. The machine is autonomous in the sense that it uses only incoherent interactions with thermal baths, but no source of coherence or external control. By weakly coupling the qubits to thermal baths at different temperatures, inducing a heat current through the system, steady-state entanglement is generated far from thermal equilibrium. Finally, we discuss two possible implementations, using superconducting flux qubits or a semiconductor double quantum dot. Experimental prospects for steady-state entanglement are promising in both systems.
We discuss a simple quantum thermal machine for the generation of steady-state entanglement between two interacting qubits. The machine is autonomous in the sense that it uses only incoherent interactions with thermal baths, but no source of coherence or external control. By weakly coupling the qubits to thermal baths at different temperatures, inducing a heat current through the system, steady-state entanglement is generated far from thermal equilibrium. Finally, we discuss two possible implementations, using superconducting flux qubits or a semiconductor double quantum dot. Experimental prospects for steady-state entanglement are promising in both systems.
Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum physics and a key resource for quantum communication, computing, and sensing. Entangled states are fragile and maintaining coherence is a central challenge in quantum information processing. Nevertheless, entanglement can be generated and stabilized through dissipative processes. In fact, entanglement has been shown to exist in the steady state of certain interacting quantum systems subject solely to incoherent coupling to thermal baths. This has been demonstrated in a range of bi- and multipartite settings using systems of finite dimension. Here we focus on the steady state of infinite-dimensional bosonic systems. Specifically, we consider any set of bosonic modes undergoing excitation-number-preserving interactions of arbitrary strength and divided between an arbitrary number of parties that each couple weakly to thermal baths at different temperatures. We show that a unique steady state is always separable.
We propose a scheme for driving a dimer of spatially separated qubits into a maximally entangled nonequilibrium steady state. A photon-mediated retarded interaction between the qubits is realized by coupling them to two tunnel-coupled leaky cavities where each cavity is driven by a coherent microwave tone. The proposed cooling mechanism relies on striking the right balance between the unitary and driven-dissipative dynamics of the qubit subsystem. We map the dimer to an effective transverse-field isotropic XYXYXY model coupled to a nonequilibrium bath that can be suitably engineered through the choice of drive frequencies and amplitudes. We show that both singlet and triplet states can be obtained with remarkable fidelities. The proposed protocol can be implemented with a superconducting circuit architecture that was recently experimentally realized and paves the way to achieving large-scale entangled systems that are arbitrarily long lived.
We study the effects of dissipation induced blockade on the dynamics of an open quantum system having two qubits in nonequilibrium independent baths. The qubits are driven by a classical field with a temporally modulated detuning. The introduction of blockade induced via two effective baths together with the effect of the driving field enable us to observe maximal entanglement oscillation of about unity that decays with a quasi-steady entanglement state oscillating about the 1/2 limit with adjustable decay rate. When the temperature difference between two baths is not large, maximal entanglement oscillation can still be observed in the model. In addition, the adjustment of the nonequilibrium thermal baths by modulating the dissipation and the application of time-dependent detuning give rise to rich entanglement dynamics. We further demonstrate numerically the practical implementation of the proposed scheme with a universal cavity QED setting.