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Scattering-based approaches for physical layer security

Galagarza Martinez, S Edson

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
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Exploiting the immanent randomness of the wireless networks, physical layer security (PLS) is an promising technique that can overcome the limitations of conventional security schemes based on cryptography. Most of the existing PLS algorithms employ multiple antennas, which are used for digital beamforming. However, while it is challenging to adjust both amplitude and phase, because of significant energy consumption if the number of antennas is large. Thus, in this paper, we consider an analog beamforming-based PLS algorithm, which consumes considerably lower energy. In addition, motivated by the simple line-of-sight (LoS) channel assumption in prior work for analog beamforming-based PLS, we investigate the impact of the fading and scattering effects, assuming Rician fading channels, which has both LoS and non-LoS components. Through simulation, we show that secrecy rate decreases as the Rician K factor increases.
Motivated by recent developments in physical-layer security and stochastic geometry, we aim to characterize the fundamental limits of secure communication in wireless networks. Based on a general model in which legitimate nodes and potential eavesdroppers are randomly scattered in space, we define the secure communication graph (s-graph) from the point of view of information-theoretic security. For the Poisson s-graph, we provide conclusive results for: (a) the in-degree and out-degree of a node; (b) the isolation probability; and (c) the secrecy capacity between a node and each of its neighbours. Our analysis reveals the innate connections between information-theoretic security and the spatial densities of legitimate and eavesdropper nodes.
We consider the fundamental security limits of stochastic wireless networks in the presence of colluding eavesdroppers. By establishing a direct connection with the single-input multiple-output (SIMO) Gaussian wiretap channel, we are able to provide a complete characterization of the secrecy capacity for the case in which the eavesdroppers are scattered according to a spatial Poisson process. Our analysis, which includes the probabilities of existence and outage of secrecy capacity, helps clarify how the spatial density of eavesdroppers can jeopardize the success of wireless physical-layer security based on information-theoretic principles.