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Controlled Secret Sharing Protocol using a Quantum Cloning Circuit

Satyabrata Adhikari, Sovik Roy, Shantanav Chakraborty, Vinayak Jagadish, M. K. Haris, Atul Kumar

Published Jan 1, 2014• 1 citation
OpenAlex

Abstract

We demonstrate the possibility of controlling the success probability of a secret sharing protocol using a quantum cloning circuit. The cloning circuit is used to clone the qubits containing the encoded information and {\em en route} to the intended receipients. The success probability of the protocol depends on the cloning parameters used to clone the qubits. We also establish a relation between the concurrence of initially prepared state, entanglement of the mixed state received by the receivers after cloning scheme and the cloning parameters of cloning machine.

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arXiv:quant-ph/0403155•Chinese Physics•Apr 19, 2005•224 citations
We demonstrate the possibility of controlling the success probability of a secret sharing protocol using a quantum cloning circuit. The cloning circuit is used to clone the qubits containing the encoded information and {\em en route} to the intended receipients. The success probability of the protocol depends on the cloning parameters used to clone the qubits. We also establish a relation between the concurrence of initially prepared state, entanglement of the mixed state received by the receivers after cloning scheme and the cloning parameters of cloning machine.
Abstract In a controlled quantum secure direct communication (Controlled QSDC) protocol between three parties, the sender sends the encoded secured message to one of the two receivers, which can be decoded only when the other receiver agrees to cooperate. A lot of studies have been done on it using the three-qubit GHZ state, and only a few works have involved the W state. In this work, we introduce a controlled QSDC protocol exploiting a three-qubit W class of state shared between three parties, Alice (Sender), Bob (Controller), and Charlie (Receiver). In the proposed protocol, the shared state parameters and the secret are linked in such a way that it is very difficult to factor them. We will show that these parameters can be factored out easily if the receiver uses a quantum cloning machine (QCM) and thus can retrieve the secret. We find that the protocol is probabilistic and have calculated the probability of success of the protocol. Further, we establish the relation between the success probability and the efficiency of the QCM. In general, we find that the efficiency of the constructed QCM is greater than or equal to 1 3 , but we have shown that its efficiency can be enhanced when the parameters of the shared state are used as the parameters of the QCM. Moreover, we derived the linkage between the probability of success and the amount of entanglement in the shared W class of state. We analyzed the obtained result and found that even a less entangled W class of state can also play a vital role in the proposed controlled QSDC scheme.
In single-qubit quantum secret sharing, a secret is shared between NNN parties via manipulation and measurement of one qubit at a time. Each qubit is sent to all NNN parties in sequence; the secret is encoded in the first participant's preparation of the qubit state and the subsequent participants' choices of state rotation or measurement basis. We present a protocol for single-qubit quantum secret sharing using polarization entanglement of photon pairs produced in type-I spontaneous parametric downconversion. We investigate the protocol's security against eavesdropping attack under common experimental conditions: a lossy channel for photon transmission, and imperfect preparation of the initial qubit state. A protocol which exploits entanglement between photons, rather than simply polarization correlation, is more robustly secure. We implement the entanglement-based secret-sharing protocol with 87% secret-sharing fidelity, limited by the purity of the entangled state produced by our present apparatus. We demonstrate a photon-number splitting eavesdropping attack, which achieves no success against the entanglement-based protocol while showing the predicted rate of success against a correlation-based protocol.
A scheme to create a perfect copy of a three-qubit state with assistance from two preparers is proposed.During the course agreed in the scheme,the sender wish to teleport an unknown three-qubit entangled state which from two preparers to a remote receiver,and then create a perfect copy of the unknown state at her place.The scheme includes two stages.The first stage of the scheme requires usual teleportation.In the second stage,to help the sender realize the quantum cloning,two preparers perform three-qubit projective measurements on their own qubits which is from the sender,then the sender can acquire a perfect copy of the unknown state.The superiority of our protocol is that the rate of success about getting the copy can reach 1.
We first propose a novel protocol to realize quantum cloning of an arbitrary unknown shared state with assistance offered by a state preparer. The initial phase of this protocol involves the utilization of quantum teleportation (QT), enabling the transfer of quantum information from an arbitrary number of senders to another arbitrary number of receivers through a maximally entangled GHZ-type state serving as a network channel, without centralizing the information at any specific location. In the second stage of this protocol, the state preparer performs a special single-qubit projective measurement and multiple Z-basis measurements and then communicates a number of classical bits corresponding to measurement results, the perfect copy or orthogonal-complementing copy of an unknown shared state can be produced at senders hands. Then, using a non-maximally entangled GHZ-type state instead of the aforementioned quantum channel, we extend the proposed protocol from three perspectives: projective measurement, positive operator-value measurement (POVM), and a single generalized Bell-state measurement. Our schemes can relay quantum information over a network without requiring fully trusted central or intermediate nodes, and none of participants can fully access the information.
We present a controlled quantum teleportation protocol. In the protocol, quantum information of an unknown state of a 2-level particle is faithfully transmitted from a sender Alice to a remote receiver Bob via an initially shared triplet of entangled particles under the control of the supervisor Charlie. The distributed entangled particles shared by Alice, Bob and Charlie function as a quantum information channel for faithful transmission. We also propose a controlled and secure direct communication scheme by means of this teleportation. After ensuring the security of the quantum channel, Alice encodes the secret message directly on a sequence of particle states and transmits them to Bob supervised by Charlie using this controlled quantum teleportation. Bob can read out the encoded message directly by the measurement on his qubit. In this scheme, the controlled quantum teleportation transmits Alice's message without revealing any information to a potential eavesdropper. Because there is not a transmission of the qubit carrying the secret message between Alice and Bob in the public channel, it is completely secure for controlled and direct secret communication if perfect quantum channel is used. The special feature of this scheme is that the communication between two sides depends on the agreement of a third side to co-operate.