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Edge excitations of the Chern Simons matrix theory for the FQHE

Ivan Dario Jimenez Rodriguez

Published Jan 1, 2009• 5 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We study the edge excitations of the Chern Simons matrix theory, describing the Laughlin fluids for filling fraction n = 1k, with k an integer. Based on the semiclassical solutions of the theory, we are able to identify the bulk and edge degrees of freedom. In this way we can freeze the bulk of the theory, to the semiclassical values, obtaining an effective theory governing the boundary excitations of the Chern Simons matrix theory. Finally, we show that this effective theory is equal to the chiral boson theory on the circle.

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We study the edge excitations of the Chern Simons matrix theory, describing the Laughlin fluids for filling fraction n = 1k, with k an integer. Based on the semiclassical solutions of the theory, we are able to identify the bulk and edge degrees of freedom. In this way we can freeze the bulk of the theory, to the semiclassical values, obtaining an effective theory governing the boundary excitations of the Chern Simons matrix theory. Finally, we show that this effective theory is equal to the chiral boson theory on the circle.
This paper investigates the bulk and boundary dynamics of Laughlin states, which are modeled using composite boson theory within a fluid dynamics framework. In this work, we adopt an alternative starting point based on a hydrodynamic action with topological terms, which fleshes out the fluid aspects of the Laughlin state manifestly. For a particular choice of the velocity field, the fluid equation for this action is akin to first-order hydrodynamic equations, supplemented with an additional constitutive equation known as the Hall constraint. When a hard wall boundary is present, one of the topological terms in the fluid action triggers anomaly inflow, indicating the presence of gauge anomaly at the edge. The first-order hydrodynamic equations require a second boundary condition, which, in the absence of dissipation, can be either a no-slip or a no-stress condition. We find that the no-slip condition, where the fluid adheres to the wall, is incompatible with the chiral edge dynamics. On the other hand, the no-stress condition, which allows the fluid to move along the wall without friction, is consistent with the expected chiral edge dynamics of the Laughlin state. Furthermore, our work derives this modified no-stress boundary condition within a variational principle. This is accomplished by incorporating a chiral boson action within the boundary action that is nonlinearly coupled to the edge density, thus systematically extending the edge chiral Luttinger liquid theory.
Master's thesis in Theoretical Physics. The official university title is "Fractional Quantum Hall Effect: Current State and Perspectives"; this record uses the author's preferred, more descriptive title. This thesis develops a unified description of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) and topological order through three complementary frameworks: microscopic trial many-body wavefunctions, the algebraic theory of anyons and unitary modular tensor categories, and Chern-Simons effective field theory. The first part covers the physical foundations—Landau quantization, the TKNN invariant, Laughlin's wavefunctions, the hierarchy and composite fermion theories, and some non-Abelian states like the Moore-Read Pfaffian state. The second part develops the algebraic theory of anyons, from the braid group to fusion rules, quantum dimensions, topological spins, and the F- and R-matrices that characterize a unitary modular tensor category. The third part constructs the Chern-Simons effective field theory, deriving fractional charge, statistics, and ground-state degeneracy, unifying Abelian states via the K-matrix formalism, and then generalizing to non-Abelian states through 𝑈(1)ₘ × 𝑆𝑈(𝑁)ₖ Chern-Simons theory. The central result is that Chern–Simons theory provides a field-theoretic realization of the topological order introduced microscopically and algebraically in the earlier chapters, closing the circle between the three descriptions and providing a unified framework for the FQHE and topological order and anyon's physics.
In this work we propose an effective low-energy theory for a large class of 2+1 dimensional non-Abelian topological spin liquids whose edge states are conformal degrees of freedom with central charges corresponding to the coset structure su(2) k ⊕ su(2) k ′ /su(2) k+k ′ . For particular values of k ′ it furnishes the series for unitary minimal and superconformal models. These gapped phases were recently suggested to be obtained from an array of one-dimensional coupled quantum wires. In doing so we provide an explicit relationship between two distinct approaches: quantum wires and Chern-Simons bulk theory. We firstly make a direct connection between the interacting quantum wires and the corresponding conformal field theory at the edges, which turns out to be given in terms of chiral gauged WZW models. Relying on the bulk-edge correspondence we are able to construct the underlying non-Abelian Chern-Simons effective field theory.
We present a comprehensive study of the effective Conformal Field Theory (CFT) describing the low energy excitations of a gas of spinless interacting fermions on a circle in the gapless regime (Luttinger liquid). Functional techniques and modular transformation properties are used to compute all correlation functions in a finite size and at finite temperature. Forward scattering disorder is treated exactly. Laughlin experiments on charge transport in a Quantum Hall Fluid on a cylinder are reviewed within this CFT framework. Edge excitations above a given bulk excitation are described by a twisted version of the Luttinger effective theory. Luttinger CFTs corresponding to the nu =1/(2p+1) filling fractions appear to be rational CFTs (RCFT). Generators of the extended symmetry algebra are identified as edge fermions creators and annihilators, thus giving a physical meaning to the RCFT point of view on edge excitations of these sequences.