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Microgravity Science and Technology

Quasi-Adiabatic External State Preparation of Ultracold Atoms in Microgravity

Adelaide Pollard, Edward Moan, Charles A. Sackett, Ethan Elliott, Robert J. Thompson

Published Oct 21, 2020• 13 citations
Publisher
DOI
10.1007/s12217-020-09840-w

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The China Space Station (CSS) provides an ideal experimental platform for researching and applying ultracold atoms in microgravity. On 31 October 2022, the Cold Atom Physics Research Rack (CAPR) was launched to the CSS together with the Mengtian lab module, designed by the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SIOM) and Peking University. The main goal of the CAPR is to build an ultracold atomic physics experiment platform using 87Rb Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) in the CSS. In microgravity, ultracold atoms can be cooled to picokelvin (pK) via Two-Stage Crossed Beams Cooling (TSCBC), which is three orders of magnitude lower than on earth and can inspire the novel physical phenomena. The preparation of the BEC and the deep cooling are introduced in this paper, as well as a series of advancements in ultracold atoms in microgravity. The CAPR is an experimental platform that relies on evaporative cooling in a crossed optical dipole trap. Furthermore, the CAPR’s design scheme and ground verification experiment are also introduced. So far, the CAPR has continued to conduct research on ultracold atoms in microgravity, with more than two years of uninterrupted operation in orbit. Up to now, preliminary experimental results have been achieved, realizing the primary purpose of the CAPR.
In this paper, we present an all-optical method to produce shell-shaped traps for ultracold atoms in microgravity. Our scheme exploits optical double dressing of the ground state to create a short range strongly repulsive central potential barrier. Combined with a long range attractive central potential, this barrier forms the shell trap. We demonstrate that a pure spherical bubble, reaching the quasi-2D regime for standard atom numbers, could be formed from two crossed beams with a parabolic profile. An analytical study shows that the relevant characteristics of the trap depend on the ratio of the ground and excited state polarizabilities and the lifetime of the excited state. As a benchmark, we provide quantitative analysis of a realistic configuration for rubidium ensembles, leading to a 250 Hz transverse confinement for a 35 μm radius bubble and a trap residual scattering rate of less than 10 s−1.