Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Quantum multiplexing for error correction codes

Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks, Claude Gravel, William J. Munro, Kae Nemoto

Published Jan 1, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Quantum error correction codes require several physical resources for their implementation. Here, we show that the number of photons and qubits can be reduced for two quantum error correction codes through the quantum multiplexing approach.
DOI
10.1364/cleopr.2020.c12c_4

Related papers

Reducing the Resources Needed to Implement Quantum Error Correction Codes Using Quantum Multiplexing

S. Nishio, Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks +2 more

Quantum error correction is an indispensable tool for quantum technologies. However, its implementation requires significant physical resources. Here, we reduce the number of two-qubit gates required to implement an error correction code using quantum multiplexing.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)•Jul 31, 2022•0 citations

Resource reduction for quantum error correction using quantum multiplexed photons

Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks, Claude Gravel +2 more

Quantum error correction codes require large numbers of physical resources, in terms of photons and qubits. Here, we show how we can drastically reduce the number of photons required in quantum communication through quantum multiplexing.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2020•2 citations

Reducing the resources needed to implement quantum error correction codes using quantum multiplexing

S. Nishio, Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks +2 more

Quantum error correction is an indispensable tool for quantum technologies. However, its implementation requires significant physical resources. Here, we reduce the number of two-qubit gates required to implement an error correction code using quantum multiplexing.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)•Jan 1, 2022•0 citations

Resource Reduction for Distributed Quantum Information Processing Using Quantum Multiplexed Photons

Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks, Claude Gravel +2 more

Distributed quantum information processing is based on the transmission of quantum data over lossy channels between quantum processing nodes. These nodes may be separated by a few microns or on planetary scale distances, but transmission losses due to absorption and/or scattering in the channel are the major source of error for most distributed quantum information tasks. Of course, quantum error correction (QEC) and detection techniques can be used to mitigate such effects, but error detection approaches have severe performance limitations due to the signaling constraints between nodes, and so error correction approaches are preferable-assuming one has sufficient high quality local operations. Typically, performance comparisons between loss-mitigating codes assume one encoded qubit per photon. However, single photons can carry more than one qubit of information and so our focus in this Letter is to explore whether loss-based QEC codes utilizing quantum multiplexed photons are viable and advantageous, especially as photon loss results in more than one qubit of information being lost. We show that quantum multiplexing enables significant resource reduction, in terms of the number of single-photon sources, while at the same time maintaining (or even lowering) the number of 2-qubit gates required. Further, our multiplexing approach requires only conventional optical gates already necessary for the implementation of these codes.

arXiv:1907.02240•Physical Review Letters•May 27, 2020•33 citations

Resource reduction in multiplexed high-dimensional quantum Reed-Solomon codes

S. Nishio, Nicoló Lo Piparo, Michael Hanks +2 more

Quantum communication technologies will play an important role in quantum information processing in the near future as we network devices together. However, their implementation is still a challenging task due to both loss and gate errors. Quantum error-correcting codes are one important technique to address this issue. In particular, the quantum Reed-Solomon codes well suited to communication tasks as photons can naturally carry more than one qubit of information. The high degree of physical resources required, however, makes such a code difficult to use in practice. A recent technique called quantum multiplexing has been shown to reduce resources by using multiple degrees of freedom of a photon. In this work, we propose a method to decompose multicontrolled gates using fewer controlled-x ($\mathrm{CX}$) gates via this quantum multiplexing technique. We show that our method can significantly reduce the required number of $\mathrm{CX}$ gates needed in the encoding circuits for the quantum Reed-Solomon code. Our approach is also applicable to many other quantum error-correcting codes and quantum algorithms, including Grovers and quantum walks.

arXiv:2206.03712•Physical Review A•Mar 29, 2023•3 citations

Error Correction in a Distributed Quantum Computer

E. M. Ainley, A. Agrawal, T. Araki +12 more

Building fault-tolerant quantum computers with large numbers of logical qubits requires both scalable hardware architectures and error-correcting codes that make efficient use of physical qubits. Photonic interconnects address both of these challenges by allowing the physical qubits to be distributed across multiple processors while providing the non-local connectivity necessary to implement resource-efficient codes such as high-rate quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes. A key requirement for realising this architecture is the ability to perform stabiliser measurements between remote processors, which has not previously been demonstrated experimentally. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of distributed quantum error detection and correction. We generate entanglement between network qubits in two separate trapped-ion processors and use it to perform remote syndrome measurements on data qubits. We first realise a distributed [[2, 1, 1]] repetition code, detecting phase-flip errors on a logical qubit encoded across the two modules in real time and suppressing logical errors. We then combine these mid-circuit syndrome measurements with real-time feedforward to actively correct arbitrary single-qubit Pauli errors on a distributed Bell state. These results provide an experimental foundation for quantum error correction (QEC) across modular quantum architectures.

quant-pharXiv:2609.13065•Sep 14, 2026•0 citations
Distributed quantum information processing is based on the transmission of quantum data over lossy channels between quantum processing nodes. These nodes may be separated by a few microns or on planetary scale distances, but transmission losses due to absorption and/or scattering in the channel are the major source of error for most distributed quantum information tasks. Of course, quantum error correction (QEC) and detection techniques can be used to mitigate such effects, but error detection approaches have severe performance limitations due to the signaling constraints between nodes, and so error correction approaches are preferable-assuming one has sufficient high quality local operations. Typically, performance comparisons between loss-mitigating codes assume one encoded qubit per photon. However, single photons can carry more than one qubit of information and so our focus in this Letter is to explore whether loss-based QEC codes utilizing quantum multiplexed photons are viable and advantageous, especially as photon loss results in more than one qubit of information being lost. We show that quantum multiplexing enables significant resource reduction, in terms of the number of single-photon sources, while at the same time maintaining (or even lowering) the number of 2-qubit gates required. Further, our multiplexing approach requires only conventional optical gates already necessary for the implementation of these codes.
Quantum communication technologies will play an important role in quantum information processing in the near future as we network devices together. However, their implementation is still a challenging task due to both loss and gate errors. Quantum error-correcting codes are one important technique to address this issue. In particular, the quantum Reed-Solomon codes well suited to communication tasks as photons can naturally carry more than one qubit of information. The high degree of physical resources required, however, makes such a code difficult to use in practice. A recent technique called quantum multiplexing has been shown to reduce resources by using multiple degrees of freedom of a photon. In this work, we propose a method to decompose multicontrolled gates using fewer controlled-x (CX\mathrm{CX}CX) gates via this quantum multiplexing technique. We show that our method can significantly reduce the required number of CX\mathrm{CX}CX gates needed in the encoding circuits for the quantum Reed-Solomon code. Our approach is also applicable to many other quantum error-correcting codes and quantum algorithms, including Grovers and quantum walks.
Building fault-tolerant quantum computers with large numbers of logical qubits requires both scalable hardware architectures and error-correcting codes that make efficient use of physical qubits. Photonic interconnects address both of these challenges by allowing the physical qubits to be distributed across multiple processors while providing the non-local connectivity necessary to implement resource-efficient codes such as high-rate quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes. A key requirement for realising this architecture is the ability to perform stabiliser measurements between remote processors, which has not previously been demonstrated experimentally. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of distributed quantum error detection and correction. We generate entanglement between network qubits in two separate trapped-ion processors and use it to perform remote syndrome measurements on data qubits. We first realise a distributed [[2, 1, 1]] repetition code, detecting phase-flip errors on a logical qubit encoded across the two modules in real time and suppressing logical errors. We then combine these mid-circuit syndrome measurements with real-time feedforward to actively correct arbitrary single-qubit Pauli errors on a distributed Bell state. These results provide an experimental foundation for quantum error correction (QEC) across modular quantum architectures.