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IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting (LEOS)

Negative nonlinear absorption effect in erbium-doped fibers

Yoshinobu Maeda, Takao Sakakibara, Masatoshi Migitaka

Published Jan 1, 1997• 0 citations
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Abstract

The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.

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Negative nonlinear absorption effect in erbium-doped fibers

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The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.

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The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.

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An all-optical switch which has a negative amplification of the optical signal was demonstrated in an erbium-doped fiber. The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on the modulation degree of the incident laser was investigated and we obtained the negative amplification degree of -3 for a fiber length of 6 m at room temperature. It has been confirmed that the mechanism of the effect can be explained by calculating the rate equations based on an analytical model for a five-level system of the Er3+ ion. It is suggested that the effect was due to stimulated emission from the 4 S 3/2 level to the 4 I 13/2 level.

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Negative amplification of optical signal derived from negative nonlinear absorption effect in Er-doped fibers

Yoshinobu Maeda, Takao Sakakibara, Masatoshi Migitaka

A reversion of optical signal is observed in a 470 ppm Er-doped fiber with more than 2 m in length, and the negative nonlinear absorption (NNA) effect is confirmed. The negative amplification, which is the ratio of modulation indexes between the transmitted and input lights, is confirmed, and the maximum negative amplification of −2.9 is obtained. It is found from the measurements the room (300 K) and liquid nitrogen temperatures (77 K) that the negative effect is larger at room temperature than at liquid nitrogen temperature. The NNA effect is observed in the wavelength range from 784 to 792 nm and with incident laser power intensities ranging from 3 mW/cm2 to 14 mW/cm2. The NNA effect is observed for the modulation frequency up to 1 MHz, and for high frequency the transmitted waveform becomes asymmetric. The polarization dependence of the effect is also confirmed. The mechanism of the NNA effect is considered mainly due to the enhanced absorption caused by the spontaneous emission in the excited three-level system. Since the emission light can be propagated in the fiber with very low loss, the NNA effect can be effectively generated causing the negative amplification of the optical signal. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 80(7): 8–17, 1997

Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part II Electronics)•Jul 1, 1997•0 citations

Modulation Characteristics of the Negative Nonlinear Absorption Effect in Erbium-Yttrium Aluminum Garnet

Yoshinobu Maeda, Masatoshi Migitaka

Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and frequency was investigated in erbium yttrium aluminum garnet crystals. For a modulation frequency of 1 MHz, two peaks, A and B, were observed in the transmitted waveform. With a decreasing modulation degree, peak C which consists of peaks A and B appeared and a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted waveform. Peak A decreased as the modulation frequency increased, and peak B was only observed for modulation frequencies above 50 MHz. In the case of a modulation degree under 35%, the transmitted waveform changed to the opposite phase of incident one for modulation frequencies up to 100 MHz. In addition, the negative nonlinear absorption effect was dependent on the product of the composition of erbium and the sample length. It was suggested that the enhanced absorption was due to stimulated emission in three excited states of Er3+.

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics•Aug 1, 1997•6 citations

Optical signal inversion phenomenon for 1.53 μm laser in an erbium-doped lithium niobate

Yoshinobu Maeda, Hirotoshi Nagata, Taizou Nakashima +2 more

Modulation characteristics of a negative nonlinear absorption effect were investigated in 3 wt % erbium-doped lithium niobate using a 1530 nm laser diode. With a decreasing incident modulation degree, a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted laser at modulation degrees smaller than 85% for a sample length of 14 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted waveforms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 10 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect for 1.5 μm can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.

Applied Physics Letters•Dec 27, 1999•1 citation
The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.
The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.
The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and modulation frequency of an incident laser was investigated in erbium-doped fibers at 77 K. Negative input-output characteristics were obtained at modulation frequencies of 10 to 250 kHz for fiber lengths above 2 m. The maximum ratio of the transmitted modulation degree to the incident one was approximately -2 for a fiber length of 4 m. It is suggested that emissions induced in the fiber can contribute to the negative nonlinear absorption effect because they propagate with low loss.
An all-optical switch which has a negative amplification of the optical signal was demonstrated in an erbium-doped fiber. The dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on the modulation degree of the incident laser was investigated and we obtained the negative amplification degree of -3 for a fiber length of 6 m at room temperature. It has been confirmed that the mechanism of the effect can be explained by calculating the rate equations based on an analytical model for a five-level system of the Er3+ ion. It is suggested that the effect was due to stimulated emission from the 4 S 3/2 level to the 4 I 13/2 level.
A reversion of optical signal is observed in a 470 ppm Er-doped fiber with more than 2 m in length, and the negative nonlinear absorption (NNA) effect is confirmed. The negative amplification, which is the ratio of modulation indexes between the transmitted and input lights, is confirmed, and the maximum negative amplification of −2.9 is obtained. It is found from the measurements the room (300 K) and liquid nitrogen temperatures (77 K) that the negative effect is larger at room temperature than at liquid nitrogen temperature. The NNA effect is observed in the wavelength range from 784 to 792 nm and with incident laser power intensities ranging from 3 mW/cm2 to 14 mW/cm2. The NNA effect is observed for the modulation frequency up to 1 MHz, and for high frequency the transmitted waveform becomes asymmetric. The polarization dependence of the effect is also confirmed. The mechanism of the NNA effect is considered mainly due to the enhanced absorption caused by the spontaneous emission in the excited three-level system. Since the emission light can be propagated in the fiber with very low loss, the NNA effect can be effectively generated causing the negative amplification of the optical signal. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 2, 80(7): 8–17, 1997
Dependence of the negative nonlinear absorption effect on both modulation degree and frequency was investigated in erbium yttrium aluminum garnet crystals. For a modulation frequency of 1 MHz, two peaks, A and B, were observed in the transmitted waveform. With a decreasing modulation degree, peak C which consists of peaks A and B appeared and a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted waveform. Peak A decreased as the modulation frequency increased, and peak B was only observed for modulation frequencies above 50 MHz. In the case of a modulation degree under 35%, the transmitted waveform changed to the opposite phase of incident one for modulation frequencies up to 100 MHz. In addition, the negative nonlinear absorption effect was dependent on the product of the composition of erbium and the sample length. It was suggested that the enhanced absorption was due to stimulated emission in three excited states of Er3+.
Modulation characteristics of a negative nonlinear absorption effect were investigated in 3 wt % erbium-doped lithium niobate using a 1530 nm laser diode. With a decreasing incident modulation degree, a reversed-phase waveform was obtained in the transmitted laser at modulation degrees smaller than 85% for a sample length of 14 mm. The reversed-phase transmitted waveforms were observed at modulation frequencies from 1 kHz to 10 GHz. The negative nonlinear absorption effect for 1.5 μm can be explained by considering an enhanced absorption model for a four-level system of the Er3+ ion.