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IEEE Wireless Communications Letters

Pilot and Data Power Allocation in Poisson Interference Field With Protected Zone for Physical-Layer Security

Sungjun Ahn, Sung-Ik Park, Joonhyuk Kang, Seongah Jeong

Published Sep 30, 2020• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Physical-layer security has become widely recognized as a promising technique to enhance wireless security by exploiting the characteristics including fading, noise, and interference. This letter explores an opportunity to enhance physical-layer security by balancing the power expense between pilot and payload signals without any prior knowledge related to eavesdroppers. In lieu of presuming perfect channel acquisition, we consider a practical wiretap channel with the receivers enabled by pilot-aided channel estimation (CE). The problem is tackled by accounting for the network interference from cochannel interferers in unknown locations by which the secrecy level is significantly affected. Specifically, the secrecy transmission rate (STR) reflecting the CE errors is derived for the worst-case within the use of a protected zone. We investigate the feasible region of pilot and data power allocation under reliability and secrecy constraints, and the optimal power allocation for pilot and data to maximize the STR is proposed, whose performance is verified via simulations.

DOI
10.1109/lwc.2020.3027838

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Physical-layer security has become widely recognized as a promising technique to enhance wireless security by exploiting the characteristics including fading, noise, and interference. This letter explores an opportunity to enhance physical-layer security by balancing the power expense between pilot and payload signals without any prior knowledge related to eavesdroppers. In lieu of presuming perfect channel acquisition, we consider a practical wiretap channel with the receivers enabled by pilot-aided channel estimation (CE). The problem is tackled by accounting for the network interference from cochannel interferers in unknown locations by which the secrecy level is significantly affected. Specifically, the secrecy transmission rate (STR) reflecting the CE errors is derived for the worst-case within the use of a protected zone. We investigate the feasible region of pilot and data power allocation under reliability and secrecy constraints, and the optimal power allocation for pilot and data to maximize the STR is proposed, whose performance is verified via simulations.
Network interference disturbs the legitimate receiver as well as eavesdroppers. Artificial noise transmission is able to indirectly control these negative and positive effects of interfering signals on secrecy communication, and thus improves the secrecy transmission rate. Contrary to the previous results presuming some prior information on eavesdroppers, this letter studies secrecy enhancement via the optimal use of an artificial noise without the knowledge related to eavesdroppers. We derive the optimal use of artificial noise with constraints for reliability and secrecy level and the corresponding secrecy transmission rate in the presence of network interference for the worst scenario.
Recently, the use of artificial noise has attracted considerable attention in enhancing the physical-layer security of wireless systems. However, the interaction between artificially generated noise and the inherent network interference can significantly affect the level of secrecy. In this paper, we consider the additional secrecy enhancement with artificial noise and secrecy protected zone in the presence of eavesdroppers and interferers with unknown locations. Specifically, we derive the secrecy transmission rate and investigate the relationship between artificial noise and various system parameters like secrecy protected zone radius and intensity of interferers and eavesdroppers on the secrecy transmission rate. In interference-limited networks, we derive the optimal power allocation between the information-bearing signal and artificial noise to maximize the achievable secrecy transmission rate subject to connection and secrecy outage probabilities. Numerical results show that artificial noise is still beneficial in the presence of inherent network interference to improve secrecy transmission rate and provide rules of thumb to quantify when optimal power allocation is useful.
In this paper, we consider the multiple-input single-output (MISO) wiretap channel with a cooperative jammer (CJ). Motivated by the fact that corrupting pilot signals can effectively degrade the channel estimation at the eavesdropper (Eve), we emphasize that the physical-layer security can be enhanced by introducing jamming signals in pilot phase. Therefore, we propose a cooperative jamming scheme which delivers artificial noise (AN) both in pilot and data phases, unlike the conventional schemes that transmit AN only in data phase. More specifically, we optimize the jamming power allocation between pilot phase and data phase, along with designing the beamforming vector at the CJ. Furthermore, considering the limitation of energy budget at the CJ, the energy efficiency of the proposed scheme is investigated based on the circuit power consumption model. Finally, numerical results verify the performance of the proposed scheme, in terms of secrecy rate and energy efficiency.
Wireless communication is highly susceptible to eavesdropping attacks where a malicious user can exploit the broadcast nature of the wireless signals to eavesdrop on confidential information. At the physical layer, there are multiple possible avenues to utilize the inherent randomness of the wireless transmission medium to achieve secure communication. One of the lucrative possibilities is to use the channel state information (CSI) to establish a secure communication link because it is vital in decoding the received signal at the transmitter. This technique is commonly referred to as discriminatory channel estimation (DCE) where the channel estimation performance is intentionally degraded at the eavesdropper as compared to the legitimate nodes to achieve secure communication.In this thesis, we capitalize on full-duplex (FD) transmissions to transmit the pilot signals to obscure the channel estimates from the eavesdropper. FD transmission severely limits the estimation performance at the eavesdropper while the legitimate nodes can acquire robust estimates. The secrecy of channel estimates from the eavesdropper provides a bandwidth-efficient security technique as the channel estimation requires less bandwidth than the data transmission. We have presented the achievable secrecy capacity analysis along with the simulation analysis to illustrate the performance improvements achieved by the proposed novel secure channel estimation. In this thesis, we also study the impact of artificial noise (AN) to improve the secrecy achieved by the use of FD transmission of pilot signals. For a strategically located eavesdropper, we have presented novel DCE techniques where AN signals are transmitted along with pilot signals using FD transmission. The AN signals confuse the nearby eavesdropper to establish a secure and robust communication link. We have also presented novel local adaptive power allocation algorithms, where each legitimate node performs power allocation in the absence of statistical channel characteristics regarding the eavesdropping channel. We have provided an in-depth simulation analysis including a location-based simulation analysis to illustrate that the secrecy performance achieved by the proposed DCE techniques. The simulation results indicate that the proposed DCE techniques achieve robust secure communication against a strategically located eavesdropper: while the other DCE techniques are unable to avoid the leakage of information to the eavesdropper
Physical layer security has recently been regarded as an emerging technique to complement and improve the communication security in future wireless networks. The current research and development in physical layer security are often based on the ideal assumption of perfect channel knowledge or the capability of variable-rate transmissions. In this paper, we study the secure transmission design in more practical scenarios by considering channel estimation errors at the receiver and investigating both fixed-rate and variable-rate transmissions. Assuming quasi-static fading channels, we design secure on-off transmission schemes to maximize the throughput subject to a constraint on secrecy outage probability. For systems with given and fixed encoding rates, we show how the optimal on-off transmission thresholds and the achievable throughput vary with the amount of knowledge on the eavesdropper's channel. In particular, our design covers the interesting case where the eavesdropper also uses the pilots sent from the transmitter to obtain imperfect channel estimation. An interesting observation is that using too much pilot power can harm the throughput of secure transmission if both the legitimate receiver and the eavesdropper have channel estimation errors, while the secure transmission always benefits from increasing pilot power when only the legitimate receiver has channel estimation errors but not the eavesdropper. When the encoding rates are controllable parameters to design, we further derive both a non-adaptive and an adaptive rate transmission schemes by jointly optimizing the encoding rates and the on-off transmission thresholds to maximize the throughput of secure transmissions.
We propose a robust resource allocation framework to improve the physical layer security in the presence of an active eavesdropper. In the considered system, we assume that both legitimate receiver and eavesdropper are full-duplex (FD) while most works in the literature concentrate on passive eavesdroppers and half-duplex (HD) legitimate receivers. In this paper, the adversary intends to optimize its transmit and jamming signal parameters so as to minimize the secrecy data rate of the legitimate transmission. In the literature, assuming that the receiver operates in HD mode, secrecy data rate maximization problems subject to the power transmission constraint have been considered in which cooperating nodes act as jammers to confound the eavesdropper. This paper investigates an alternative solution in which we take advantage of FD capability of the receiver to send jamming signals against the eavesdroppers. The proposed self-protection scheme eliminates the need for external helpers. Moreover, we consider the channel state information uncertainty on the links between the active eavesdropper and other legitimate nodes of the network. Optimal power allocation is then obtained based on the worst-case secrecy data rate maximization, under a legitimate transmitter power constraint in the presence of the active eavesdropper. Numerical results confirm the advantage of the proposed secrecy design and in certain conditions, demonstrate substantial performance gain over the conventional approaches.