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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

Photonic-based quantum communication and sensing: an interplay between fundamental and technological resources

Sébastien Tanzilli

Published Jan 1, 2020• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We will present guided-wave photonic solutions enabling the production and manipulation of entangled photons at telecommunication wavelengths [1-3]. We will also discuss how entanglement-induced correlations are subsequently exploited as key resources for implementing fundamental quantum optical experiments [4, 5], establishing long-distance quantum cryptography links [6], and for characterizing optical materials with unprecedented precision [7].

DOI
10.1364/cleo_qels.2020.ff3c.5

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We will present guided-wave photonic solutions enabling the production and manipulation of entangled photons at telecommunication wavelengths [1-3]. We will also discuss how entanglement-induced correlations are subsequently exploited as key resources for implementing fundamental quantum optical experiments [4, 5], establishing long-distance quantum cryptography links [6], and for characterizing optical materials with unprecedented precision [7].
Abstract Granting information privacy is of crucial importance in our society, notably in fiber communication networks. Quantum cryptography provides a unique means to establish, at remote locations, identical strings of genuine random bits, with a level of secrecy unattainable using classical resources. However, several constraints, such as non‐optimized photon number statistics and resources, detectors' noise, and optical losses, currently limit the performances in terms of both achievable secret key rates and distances. Here, these issues are addressed using an approach that combines both fundamental and off‐the‐shelves technological resources. High‐quality bipartite photonic entanglement is distributed over a 150 km fiber link, exploiting a wavelength demultiplexing strategy implemented at the end‐user locations. It is shown how coincidence rates scale linearly with the number of employed telecommunication channels, with values outperforming previous realizations by almost one order of magnitude. Thanks to its potential of scalability and compliance with device‐independent strategies, this system is ready for real quantum applications, notably entanglement‐based quantum cryptography. image
Top-performance sources of photonic entanglement are an indispensable resource for many applications in quantum communication, most notably quantum key distribution. However, up to now, no source has been shown to simultaneously exhibit the high pair-creation rate, broad bandwidth, excellent state fidelity, and low intrinsic loss necessary for gigabit secure key rates. In this work, we present for the first time a source of polarization-entangled photon pairs at telecommunication wavelengths that covers all these needs of real-world quantum-cryptographic applications, thus enabling unprecedented quantum-secure key rates of more than 1 Gbit/s. Our source is designed to optimally exploit state-of-the-art telecommunication equipment and detection systems. Any technological improvement of the latter would result in an even higher rate without modification of the source. We discuss the used wavelength-multiplexing approach, including its potential for multi-user quantum networks and its fundamental limitations. Our source paves the way for high-speed quantum encryption approaching present-day internet bandwidth.
Quantum technologies have the potential to improve in an unprecedented way the security and efficiency of communications in network infrastructures. We discuss the current landscape in quantum communication and cryptography, and focus in particular on recent photonic implementations, using encoding in discrete or continuous properties of light, of central quantum network protocols, enabling secret key distribution, verification of multiparty entanglement and transactions of quantum money, with security guarantees impossible to achieve with only classical resources. We also describe current challenges in this field and our efforts towards the miniaturization of the developed photonic systems, their integration into telecommunication network infrastructures, including with satellite links, as well as the practical demonstration of novel protocols featuring a quantum advantage for a wide range of tasks. These advances enrich the resources and applications of the emerging quantum networks that will play a central role in the context of future global-scale quantum-safe communications.
Quantum communication leverages the physical properties of entanglement and superposition to create networks capable of connecting quantum computers, sensors, and secure nodes. Photons are a particularly viable information vehicle as they are unaffected by a broad range of environmental variables. They are also very versatile, supporting the teleportation of quantum information upon interacting with information-carrying qubits, whether these qubits are generated by a quantum computer or a random qubit source. Existing and emerging technologies will be discussed, as well as perspectives on the open challenges of the field.