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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Experimental control of Quantum Chemistry with Interfering Pathways for Rb$_{\mathrm{2}}$ Molecular Formation in a Bose-Einstein Condensate

H. Esat Kondakci, Chuan-Hsun Li, Yong P. Chen

Published Jun 5, 2020• 0 citations
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Experimental control of Quantum Chemistry with Interfering Pathways for Rb2_{\mathrm{2}}2​ Molecular Formation in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Understanding and controlling interactions of ultracold molecules is a cornerstone of quantum chemistry. While the laboratory creation of degenerate molecular gases comprised of bosonic atoms has unlocked powerful platforms for quantum simulation, progress is limited by the absence of a robust theoretical framework for characterizing intermolecular interactions. This is in stark contrast to the situation for Fermi gases. In this Letter, we present such a framework providing universal expressions for these molecular scattering lengths as functions of experimentally measurable quantities. Our discoveries are crucial for understanding molecular condensate formation. Calculations of the compressibility reveal that a sign change in such molecular scattering lengths is directly correlated with the instability of these condensates. These results offer fresh insight with broad applications for atomic, molecular, and condensed matter physics, as well as quantum chemistry.
We report observations of vortex formation by merging and interfering multiple (87)Rb Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in a confining potential. In this experiment, a single harmonic potential well is partitioned into three sections by a barrier, enabling the simultaneous formation of three independent, uncorrelated BECs. The BECs may either automatically merge together during their growth, or for high-energy barriers, the BECs can be merged together by barrier removal after their formation. Either process may instigate vortex formation in the resulting BEC, depending on the initially indeterminate relative phases of the condensates and the merging rate.