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Physics of Particles and Nuclei

Nuclear Decay Oscillations and Nonlinear Quantum Dynamics

Sergey Nikolaevich Mayburov

Published Jul 1, 2020• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract Several experimental groups reported the evidence of periodic modulations of nuclear decay constants which amplitudes are of the order $${{10}^{{ - 3}}}$$ and periods of one year, 24 h or about one month. We argue that such deviations from radioactive decay law can be described in nonlinear quantum mechanics framework, in which decay process obeys to nonlinear Shrödinger equation with Doebner–Goldin terms. Possible corrections to Hamiltonian of quantum system interaction with gravitation field considered, it’s shown that they correspond to some emergent gravity theories, in particular, bilocal field model. It’s shown that proposed model describes decay parameter variations which agree with experimental results for Po-214 $$\alpha $$ -decay life-time oscillations.

DOI
10.1134/s1063779620040504

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Abstract Several experimental groups reported the evidence of periodic modulations of nuclear decay constants which amplitudes are of the order 10−3{{10}^{{ - 3}}}10−3 and periods of one year, 24 h or about one month. We argue that such deviations from radioactive decay law can be described in nonlinear quantum mechanics framework, in which decay process obeys to nonlinear Shrödinger equation with Doebner–Goldin terms. Possible corrections to Hamiltonian of quantum system interaction with gravitation field considered, it’s shown that they correspond to some emergent gravity theories, in particular, bilocal field model. It’s shown that proposed model describes decay parameter variations which agree with experimental results for Po-214 α\alpha α -decay life-time oscillations.
Abstract Several experimental groups observed periodic modulations of nucleus decay constants which amplitudes are of the order 10−3 and periods of one year, 24 hours or about one month. We argue that such deviations from radioactive decay law can be described in nonlinear quantum mechanics framework, in which decay process obeys to nonlinear Shroedinger equation with Doebner-Goldin terms. Corrections to Hamiltonian of quantum system interaction with gravitation field considered, it’s shown that they correspond to some emergent gravity models, in particular, bilocal gravity theory. It’s shown that modified proposed model predicts decay parameter variations under influence of Sun gravity similar to experimental results for 214Po α-decay life-time oscillations.
Several experimental groups reported the evidence of multiple periodic modulations of nuclear decay constants which amplitudes are of the order 0.05% and have periods of one year, 24 hours or about one month. We argue that these deviations from radioactive decay law can be explained as the effect of small nonlinear corrections to standard quantum mechanics, in particular, to Hamiltonian of quantum system interaction with gravitational field. It's shown that modified Doebner-Goldin nonlinear model predicts the similar decay parameter variations under influence of Sun gravity.
Abstract Mutiple experimental results indicate the existence of cosmophysical effects which influence parameters of nuclear decays and chemical reactions in lab. conditions. In particular, variations of nucleus decay parameters are detected which amplitudes are of the order 10−3 and periods of one year, 24 hours or about one month. Similar influence of solar activity on nuclear decays and chemical reactions also was reported. We argue that such deviations from radioactive decay law and other similar effects can be described by novel quantum nonlocality mechanism, different from standard EPR-Bohm nonlocality. Modified Doebner-Goldin model applied for the description of dynamical nonlocal effects concerned with nuclear decays.
Abstract Phenomenological models aiming to join gravity and quantum mechanics often predict effects that are potentially measurable in refined low-energy experiments. For instance, modified commutation relations between position and momentum, that account for a minimal scale length, yield a dynamics that can be codified in additional Hamiltonian terms. When applied to the paradigmatic case of a mechanical oscillator, such terms, at the lowest order in the deformation parameter, introduce a weak intrinsic nonlinearity and, consequently, deviations from the classical trajectory. This point of view has stimulated several experimental proposals and realizations, leading to meaningful upper limits to the deformation parameter. All such experiments are based on classical mechanical oscillators, i.e., excited from a thermal state. We remark indeed that decoherence, that plays a major role in distinguishing the classical from the quantum behavior of (macroscopic) systems, is not usually included in phenomenological quantum gravity models. However, it would not be surprising if peculiar features that are predicted by considering the joined roles of gravity and quantum physics should manifest themselves just on purely quantum objects. On the basis of this consideration, we propose experiments aiming to observe possible quantum gravity effects on macroscopic mechanical oscillators that are preliminary prepared in a high purity state, and we report on the status of their realization. Graphical abstract
We study the deviations from the usual exponential decay law for quantum mechanical systems. We show that simple and physically motivated deviations from the Breit-Wigner energy distribution of the unstable state are sufficient to generate peculiar deviations from the exponential decay law. Denoting with p(t)p(t)p(t) the survival probability, its derivative h(t)h(t)h(t) shows typically an oscillating behavior on top of the usual exponential function. We argue that this can be a viable explanation of the observed experimental results at GSI Darmstadt, where the function h(t)h(t)h(t) has been experimentally measured for electron capture decays of Hydrogen-like ions. Moreover, if our interpretation is correct, we predict that by measuring h(t)h(t)h(t) at times close to the initial one, the number of decays per second rapidly drops to zero.
The evolution of views on the possibility of external influence on the process of radioactive decay is briefly presented. Such an effect can lead to the appearance of periods in the time series of the radioactive decay rate fluctuations, which have been the subject of intensive study in the last decade. Two mechanisms for identifying periods are considered: the study of deviations from the theoretical curve of the radioactive decay law and the study of the properties of fluctuations. It is shown that the latter method leads to a universal spectrum of periods observed not only in the time series of the radioactive decay rate fluctuations, but also in the time series of fluctuations of processes of various nature. The main object of our study are periods in the radioactive decay rate fluctuations. The presence of such periods suggests the possibility of external influence on the process of radioactive decay. Therefore, we briefly consider the evolution of views on the possibility of such an effect. To do this, we distinguish several stages. The division into stages is only partially historical, but, mainly, each stage characterizes a certain ideas that is implemented in it.