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Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Controlled persistent current transport between toroidal quantum gases

Thomas Bland, Artem Oliinyk, Oksana Chelpanova, I. V. Yatsuta, C. H. Henry, Luigi Amico A, L. C. Kwek, Mark Edwards, Nick P. Proukakis, A. I. Yakimenko

Published Jun 4, 2020• 0 citations
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In this paper the macroscopic quantum state of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices is studied by solving the periodic Gross–Pitaevskii equation in one-dimensional geometry. It is shown that an exact solution seen to be a travelling wave of excited macroscopic quantum states resultes in a persistent atom current, which can be controlled by adjusting of the barrier height of the optical periodic potential. A critical condition to generate the travelling wave is demonstrated and we moreover propose a practical experiment to realize the persistent atom current in a toroidal atom waveguide.

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Persistent currents flowing in spatially closed tracks define one of the most iconic concepts in mesoscopic physics . They have been studied in solid-state platforms such as superfluids , superconductors and metals. Cold atoms trapped in magneto-optical toroidal circuits and driven by suitable artificial gauge fields allow us to study persistent currents with unprecedented control and flexibility of the system’s physical conditions. Here, we review persistent currents of ultracold matter. Capitalizing on the remarkable progress in driving different atomic species to quantum degeneracy, persistent currents of single or multicomponent bosons/fermions, and their mixtures can be addressed within the present experimental know-how. This way, fundamental concepts of quantum science and many-body physics , like macroscopic quantum coherence, solitons , vortex dynamics, fermionic pairing and BEC-BCS crossover can be studied from a novel perspective. Finally, we discuss how persistent currents can form the basis of new technological applications like matter-wave gyroscopes and interferometers.
In this paper the macroscopic quantum state of Bose–Einstein condensates in optical lattices is studied by solving the periodic Gross–Pitaevskii equation in one-dimensional geometry. It is shown that an exact solution seen to be a travelling wave of excited macroscopic quantum states resultes in a persistent atom current, which can be controlled by adjusting of the barrier height of the optical periodic potential. A critical condition to generate the travelling wave is demonstrated and we moreover propose a practical experiment to realize the persistent atom current in a toroidal atom waveguide.