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First-order superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transitions in spinor condensates

Zihe Chen, Jie Jiang, Lichao Zhao +4 more

Bulletin of the American Physical SocietyMay 25, 20160 citations

Dynamics of superfluid to Mott-insulator phase transitions in spinor gases

Zachary Shaw, Lichao Zhao, Zihe Chen +2 more

APSMay 1, 20190 citations

First-order superfluid-to-Mott-insulator phase transitions in spinor condensates

Jie Jiang, Lichao Zhao, Sheng-Tao Wang +4 more

We observe evidence of first-order superfluid-to-Mott-insulator quantum phase transitions in a lattice-confined antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The observed signatures include the hysteresis effect, significant heatings across the phase transitions, and changes in spin populations due to the formation of spin singlets in the Mott-insulator phase. The nature of the phase transitions is found to strongly depend on the ratio of the quadratic Zeeman energy to the spin-dependent interaction. Our observations are qualitatively understood by the mean field theory and suggest tuning the quadratic Zeeman energy is a new approach to realize superfluid-to-Mott-insulator phase transitions.We observe evidence of first-order superfluid-to-Mott-insulator quantum phase transitions in a lattice-confined antiferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate. The observed signatures include the hysteresis effect, significant heatings across the phase transitions, and changes in spin populations due to the formation of spin singlets in the Mott-insulator phase. The nature of the phase transitions is found to strongly depend on the ratio of the quadratic Zeeman energy to the spin-dependent interaction. Our observations are qualitatively understood by the mean field theory and suggest tuning the quadratic Zeeman energy is a new approach to realize superfluid-to-Mott-insulator phase transitions.

arXiv:1512.04550Physical Review AJun 7, 201624 citations

Vortices and finite-size scaling of superfluid phase transitions

Gary A. Williams

Physica B Condensed MatterAug 1, 199012 citations

Possibility of a First-Order Superfluid–Mott-Insulator Transition of Spinor Bosons in an Optical Lattice

T. Kimura, Shunji Tsuchiya, Susumu Kurihara

We study the superfluid-Mott-insulator transition of antiferromagnetic spin-1 bosons in an optical lattice described by a Bose-Hubbard model. Our variational study with the Gutzwiller variational wave function determines that the superfluid-Mott-insulator transition is a first-order one at a part of the phase boundary curve, contrary to the spinless case.

arXiv:cond-mat/0408014Physical Review LettersMar 23, 200579 citations

Quantum phase transition of two-mode Bose-Einstein condensates with an entanglement order parameter

Wei Fan, Yan Xu, Bing Chen +3 more

The ground-state entanglement of the two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated through a quantum-phase-transition approach. The entanglement measure is taken as the order parameter and this is a nonlocal order parameter, which is different from the conventional order parameter of the Mott-insulator--superfluid-phase transitions. For this nonlocal order parameter, the scaling behavior corresponding to a continuous phase transition is obtained and a power-law divergence near the critical region follows it. This scaling behavior of quantum entanglement is analyzed by the finite-size scaling and the critical exponents are obtained as $\ensuremath{\nu}=1.01$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}=0.86$. A close connection between quantum fluctuations and the phase transition of entanglement is also obtained.The ground-state entanglement of the two-mode Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated through a quantum-phase-transition approach. The entanglement measure is taken as the order parameter and this is a nonlocal order parameter, which is different from the conventional order parameter of the Mott-insulator--superfluid-phase transitions. For this nonlocal order parameter, the scaling behavior corresponding to a continuous phase transition is obtained and a power-law divergence near the critical region follows it. This scaling behavior of quantum entanglement is analyzed by the finite-size scaling and the critical exponents are obtained as $\ensuremath{\nu}=1.01$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}=0.86$. A close connection between quantum fluctuations and the phase transition of entanglement is also obtained.

arXiv:1108.2768Physical Review AJan 31, 20127 citations

Finite-size Scaling at First-order Superfluid to Mott-insulator Phase Transitions in Spinor Condensates

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Finite-size Scaling at First-order Superfluid to Mott-insulator Phase Transitions in Spinor Condensates

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