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Nanophotonics

Scattering of a single plasmon polariton by multiple atoms for in‐plane control of light

Rituraj Rituraj, Meir Orenstein, Shanhui Fan

Published Aug 28, 2020• 4 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We study the interaction of a single photon in a surface plasmon polariton mode with multiple atoms. We propose a system of two atoms to achieve a tunable scattering from subscattering to superscattering regimes by changing the angle of the incident photon. We also demonstrate a perfect electromagnetically‐induced transparency using two atoms with two‐level structures. The proposed framework is efficiently scalable to a system with a large number of atoms and opens up the possibility of designing novel atom‐based optical devices. We design an atomically thin parabolic mirror to focus single photons and form a quantum mirage in a cavity built from atoms.

DOI
10.1515/nanoph-2020-0340

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Abstract We study the interaction of a single photon in a surface plasmon polariton mode with multiple atoms. We propose a system of two atoms to achieve a tunable scattering from subscattering to superscattering regimes by changing the angle of the incident photon. We also demonstrate a perfect electromagnetically‐induced transparency using two atoms with two‐level structures. The proposed framework is efficiently scalable to a system with a large number of atoms and opens up the possibility of designing novel atom‐based optical devices. We design an atomically thin parabolic mirror to focus single photons and form a quantum mirage in a cavity built from atoms.
We study the interaction of a single photon in a surface plasmon polariton mode with multiple atoms. We propose a system of two atoms to achieve a tunable scattering from subscattering to superscattering regimes by changing the angle of the incident photon. We also demonstrate a perfect electromagnetically-induced transparency using two atoms with two-level structures. The proposed framework is efficiently scalable to a system with a large number of atoms and opens up the possibility of designing novel atom-based optical devices. We design an atomically thin parabolic mirror to focus single photons and form a quantum mirage in a cavity built from atoms.
Subwavelength atomic arrays offer a powerful platform for engineering cooperative light-matter interactions and enabling quantum metasurfaces. We demonstrate that a two-dimensional array of three-level atoms operating under electromagnetically induced transparency can function as a tunable dual-band atomic mirror, where two independently controllable reflection bands emerge from the collective optical responses mediated by dipole-dipole interactions. These resonances yield dual reflection bands with asymmetric linewidths, whose spectral positions and bandwidths can be tuned through the control-field parameters, dipole orientation, incident geometry, and lattice constant. We further identify the conditions under which additional diffraction orders emerge, which delineate the operational and tunable range of the atomic mirror via its collective-mode structure. This scheme provides a fully tunable dual-band atomic mirror operating across broad frequency and angular ranges, offering a practical and experimentally accessible pathway toward reconfigurable photonic elements in atomic-array platforms at low energy levels.
We study the polaritonic bandstructure of a two-dimensional (2D) atomic lattice coupled to a surface plasmon polariton mode in the single excitation regime. We adopt a Dirichlet-to-Neumann map based computational technique which can accurately model non-Markovian dynamics as well as narrow-bandwidth features associated with any periodic atom-photon system in general. Using this technique, we design a 2D atomic lattice using only two-level atoms, which has an isolated flat polaritonic band where the magnitude of the group velocity for the modes in the band approach zero across the whole Brillouin zone. Such a system could be employed to slow, store, and manipulate single photons in a 2D geometry.
Rapid advances in quantum technology have made possible the control of quantum states of elementary material quantum systems, such as atoms or molecules, and of the electromagnetic radiation field resulting from spontaneous photon emission of their unstable excited states to such a level of precision that subtle quantum electrodynamical phenomena have become observable experimentally. Recent developments in the area of quantum information processing demonstrate that characteristic quantum electrodynamical effects can even be exploited for practical purposes provided the relevant electromagnetic field modes are controlled by appropriate cavities. A central problem in this context is the realization of an ideal transfer of quantum information between a state of a material quantum system and a quantum state of the electromagnetic radiation field which contains a small number or even a single photon only. Despite much recent work in cavity quantum electrodynamics, which has explored this problem successfully in cases in which the number of accessible electromagnetic field modes is strongly restricted by a cavity, currently still much less is known about ideal quantum state transfer between matter and few-photon quantum states of the electromagnetic field in the extreme opposite case of free space. In this contribution we review recent work which explores characteristic quantum electrodynamical phenomena governing the interaction of a material quantum system with the electromagnetic field in extreme many-mode cases which are close to cavity-free situations. For this purpose the simplest possible quantum electrodynamical situation, namely the interaction of a single material two-level system with the wave packet of a single optical photon, is investigated in free space and in situations in which a large cavity modifies the mode structure of the electromagnetic field modes. It is demonstrated that perfect excitation of an atom by a properly shaped single-photon wave packet is possible even in free space. In particular, it is demonstrated that perfect excitation of an atom can be achieved by a single optical photon which is prepared initially in an appropriate superposition of plane-wave modes, provided this photon is focused subsequently onto the absorbing atom by a parabolic cavity.