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An Explanation of Single Electron Double-slit Experiment

Shaolong Wang

Published Sep 1, 2020• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

The phenomenon of double-slit interference is not an attribute of the electron itself, but is caused by the fluctuation of space. Because of the big bang of the universe, there has always been an explosion afterwave in space. I call it universe ripple. This kind of ripple is hard to be felt in the macro world. However, for particles with very small mass such as electrons and photons, the effect of such ripples can not be ignored.

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•Nov 6, 2025•0 citations
The phenomenon of double-slit interference is not an attribute of the electron itself, but is caused by the fluctuation of space. Because of the big bang of the universe, there has always been an explosion afterwave in space. I call it universe ripple. This kind of ripple is hard to be felt in the macro world. However, for particles with very small mass such as electrons and photons, the effect of such ripples can not be ignored.
Abstract Double-slit experiments have provided evidence that particles, such as electrons, have wave-like properties. This inference stems from the wave-like interference pattern particles produce after passing through double-slits in a barrier. Understanding why particles have this property has stimulated research into many compelling theories. However, a consensus remains elusive and inconsistencies with gravity and other phenomenon are major challenges of these ideas. A hypothesis, suggested here, is that the propagation of virtual particles (a particle and anti-particle pair that only remain in existence for a brief moment) is the cause of the interference patterns in the double-slit experiment. In this hypothesis, virtual particles are continuously produced at the edge of a particle. Virtual particles continue to propagate other virtual particle pairs further away before they collapse. The double-slits cause ripples in the propagating (and back-propagating) virtual particles, which generates the interference pattern of the observed particles. This explanation assumes that particles are influenced by direct contact with virtual particles rather than fields or wave-properties of the particle. An included simulation of this hypothesis suggests that interference patterns could be a consequence of propagating virtual particles.
Abstract One of the greatest mysteries that has puzzled and seemingly hoodwinked our very understanding of nature is the single electron double slit experiment – one that Feynman termed the central mystery of quantum mechanics. At the heart of this mystery is how can an electron that is a physical particle exhibit a wave-like property? We’ve proposed a non-counterintuitive way to explain this phenomenon called the randomly-jumping electron hypothesis, in which the electron randomly “jumps” in discrete succession to specific points only and not others which is what causes the electron to indeed be a classical particle only but is able to produce a wave-like interference pattern. To provide supporting evidence for our hypothesis, we’ve developed a computer program to simulate the single electron double slit experiment by treating the electron as a classical particle while still exhibiting wave-like fringes in agreement with real-world observed data of the single electron double slit experiment performed. Our interpretation does not set out to “solve” the mystery of why an electron can produce a wave-like interference pattern once and for all, however our hypothesis is a monism ontological interpretation that does address some of the crucial debates that have remained unsolved for 100 years since the formulation of quantum mechanics.
The puzzles of quantum mechanics are: 1. what is the medium for the photon and for the electron wave? i.e. what is waving? 2. particle interference pattern 3. observer effect. 4. entanglement. In Quantum Erasure and Double-Slit experiments, how does the emitter know to direct the photon two both slits or only to one slit? And how does the detector know where to detect the photons to form an interference pattern and not a bell-shaped (Gaussian) pattern or vice versa? This paper proposes a few, closely related, simple and subtle laws of nature governing quantum phenomena. Some of the findings in this paper are: 1. A photon is emitted in two steps: the creation of photon path and the emission of the photon 2. Although (almost) all of the energy of the photon is localized in space, the photon extends to infinity. An extremely small energy of the photon, which we call the 'precursor wave' in this paper, extends to infinity. The instant the photon is emitted, its precursor wave creates a path to infinity; it appears instantaneously in all its path to infinity, with infinitely small energy density. The precursor wave serves as the 'highway' for the propagation of the main energy packet. However, to conserve the principle of causality, we assume that the tip of the photon propagates at a speed billions times the speed of light. Thus, there are two speeds associated with the photon: the speed we know as c and the speed at which the photon length increases. 2. A photon will be emitted only towards an absorber. A photon is emitted by the interaction of the emitter and a detector. It is obvious that a photon will not be emitted if there is no emitter. Nor will a photon be emitted if there is no detector . Once a photon is emitted, however, it exists objectively, autonomously. The photon is emitted only after its path is determined by the interaction of the emitter and the absorber, at the instant of emission. 3. The photon energy will be concentrated where there is higher wave amplitude, i.e higher intensity of oscillation of electric and magnetic fields. This results in 'dragging' of the electromagnetic energy by the wave, hence eliminating the need for any medium. It is also proposed that single photon interference is a quantum phenomenon whereas two photon interference is a classical phenomenon. Similar laws hold for the electron. The 'medium' for the electron wave is the electron (the electron mass density field) itself. Where there is higher intensity of electron wave/oscillation, there will be higher electron mass density. This means that the electron wave 'drags' the electron with itself. Therefore, no exotic 'medium' is required for the photon and for the electron wave.
The double-slit experiment in quantum mechanics is an experiment devised by physicist Thomas Young. It shows that light has both a wave nature or characteristic and a particle nature or characteristic, and that these natures are inseparable. So light is said to have wave–particle duality rather than be only a wave or only a particle. The same is true of electrons and other quantum particles. Although Christiaan Huygens thought that light was a wave, Isaac Newton did not. Newton felt that there were other explanations for color, and for the interference and diffraction effects that were observable at the time. Owing to Newton’s tremendous stature, his view generally prevailed. The fact that Huygens’s principle worked was not considered evidence that was direct enough to prove that light is a wave. The acceptance of the wave character of light came many years later when, in 1801, the English physicist and physician Thomas Young (1773–1829) did his now-classic double slit experiment
This work presents a mechanical reinterpretation of the double-slit experiment within the Solitonic Universe Model (SEM). Electrons are modeled as stable helical vortex-solitons, light as linear perturbations, and chaotic fluctuations of the vacuum as turbulent phase waves. The study shows that interference arises not from intrinsic particle wave-duality, but from dynamic phase modulation produced by the slit’s electron channels. Measurement effects naturally emerge from suppression of presession, leading to single-mode behavior. The paper includes mathematical formulations and experimentally testable predictions.